Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (CSIC-UIB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Center for Complex Systems & Brain Sciences (CEMSC3), Universidad Nacional de San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Sci Rep. 2019 Nov 19;9(1):17046. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-52359-3.
What is intuitive: pro-social or anti-social behaviour? To answer this fundamental question, recent studies analyse decision times in game theory experiments under the assumption that intuitive decisions are fast and that deliberation is slow. These analyses keep track of the average time taken to make decisions under different conditions. Lacking any knowledge of the underlying dynamics, such simplistic approach might however lead to erroneous interpretations. Here we model the cognitive basis of strategic cooperative decision making using the Drift Diffusion Model to discern between deliberation and intuition and describe the evolution of the decision making in iterated Prisoner's Dilemma experiments. We find that, although initially people's intuitive decision is to cooperate, rational deliberation quickly becomes dominant over an initial intuitive bias towards cooperation, which is fostered by positive interactions as much as frustrated by a negative one. However, this initial pro-social tendency is resilient, as after a pause it resets to the same initial value. These results illustrate the new insight that can be achieved thanks to a quantitative modelling of human behavior.
亲社会还是反社会行为？为了回答这个基本问题，最近的研究在博弈论实验中分析决策时间，假设直观决策是快速的，而深思熟虑是缓慢的。这些分析跟踪了在不同条件下做出决策所需的平均时间。然而，由于缺乏对潜在动态的了解，这种简单的方法可能会导致错误的解释。在这里，我们使用漂移扩散模型来对战略合作决策的认知基础进行建模，以区分深思熟虑和直觉，并描述在迭代囚徒困境实验中的决策演变。我们发现，尽管人们最初的直观决策是合作，但理性思考很快就会超越最初对合作的直觉偏见，这种偏见既受到积极互动的促进，也受到负面互动的阻碍。然而，这种最初的亲社会倾向是有弹性的，因为在停顿之后，它会重置为相同的初始值。这些结果说明了一个新的见解，即通过对人类行为进行定量建模可以实现。
