Asif Mohammad Shahzad, Khan Muhammad Khubaib Gul, Nabeel Muhammad Asad, Ashfaq Tabin, Nasir Areeqa, Abdullah Rai Muhammad, Kareem Muhammad Ahmad Faraz
Medicine, University College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, PAK.
Cureus. 2023 Aug 28;15(8):e44236. doi: 10.7759/cureus.44236. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Background Gastroparesis symptoms seem to affect many diabetes mellitus patients. Pakistan has a high prevalence of diabetes, with an estimated 33 million people living with the condition. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of gastroparesis symptoms in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2022 in the outpatient Department of Medicine at the University College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan. Patients of both genders aged between 18 and 75 years and having T2DM were analysed. Data regarding demographic information, medical history, BMI assessment, and symptoms related to gastroparesis, as measured by the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptoms Index (GCSI) were collected at the time of enrolment. For gastroparesis, a diagnostic cutoff of ≥1.90 was considered as per GCSI. Results Of a total of 148 T2DM patients, 85 (57.4%) were females. The mean age was calculated to be 54.0±11.3 years, ranging between 23 and 75 years. There were 134 (90.5%) patients who were using metformin. The most common symptom was fullness, reported by 66 (44.6%), while nausea, bloating, early satiety, retching, and vomiting were noted in 61 (41.2%), 59 (39.9%), 55 (37.2%), 39 (26.4%), and 22 (14.9%) patients, respectively. The frequency of gastroparesis was found in 17 (11.5%) T2DM patients. Stratification of gastroparesis revealed a significant association with female gender (82.4% vs. 54.2%, p=0.0272). Conclusion The study found a high frequency of gastroparesis symptoms in patients with T2DM. Nausea and bloating were the most commonly reported symptoms, while vomiting was the least common. The prevalence of gastroparesis was significantly higher in the female gender.
胃轻瘫症状似乎影响许多糖尿病患者。巴基斯坦糖尿病患病率很高，估计有3300万人患有这种疾病。本研究旨在调查2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者中胃轻瘫症状的发生率。方法：本横断面研究于2022年4月至5月在巴基斯坦拉合尔医学院和牙科学院医学门诊部进行。分析了年龄在18至75岁之间的T2DM男女患者。在入组时收集有关人口统计学信息、病史、BMI评估以及通过胃轻瘫主要症状指数（GCSI）测量的与胃轻瘫相关症状的数据。对于胃轻瘫，根据GCSI，诊断临界值≥1.90被视为阳性。结果：在总共148例T2DM患者中，85例（57.4%）为女性。计算出平均年龄为54.0±11.3岁，范围在23至75岁之间。有134例（90.5%）患者正在使用二甲双胍。最常见的症状是饱胀感，66例（44.6%）报告有此症状，而恶心、腹胀、早饱、干呕和呕吐的患者分别为61例（41.2%）、59例（39.9%）、55例（37.2%）、39例（26.4%）和22例（14.9%）。在17例（11.5%）T2DM患者中发现了胃轻瘫。胃轻瘫分层显示与女性有显著关联（82.4%对54.2%，p=0.0272）。结论：该研究发现T2DM患者中胃轻瘫症状的发生率很高。恶心和腹胀是最常报告的症状，而呕吐是最不常见的症状。胃轻瘫的患病率在女性中显著更高。
