Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 29;13(1):16368. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-43117-7.
The genus Ceratocystis includes many phytopathogenic fungi that affect different plant species. One of these is Ceratocystis cacaofunesta, which is pathogenic to the cocoa tree and causes Ceratocystis wilt, a lethal disease for the crop. However, little is known about how this pathogen interacts with its host. The knowledge and identification of possible genes encoding effector proteins are essential to understanding this pathosystem. The present work aimed to predict genes that code effector proteins of C. cacaofunesta from a comparative analysis of the genomes of five Ceratocystis species available in databases. We performed a new genome annotation through an in-silico analysis. We analyzed the secretome and effectorome of C. cacaofunesta using the characteristics of the peptides, such as the presence of signal peptide for secretion, absence of transmembrane domain, and richness of cysteine residues. We identified 160 candidate effector proteins in the C. cacaofunesta proteome that could be classified as cytoplasmic (102) or apoplastic (58). Of the total number of candidate effector proteins, 146 were expressed, presenting an average of 206.56 transcripts per million. Our database was created using a robust bioinformatics strategy, followed by manual curation, generating information on pathogenicity-related genes involved in plant interactions, including CAZymes, hydrolases, lyases, and oxidoreductases. Comparing proteins already characterized as effectors in Sordariomycetes species revealed five groups of protein sequences homologous to C. cacaofunesta. These data provide a valuable resource for studying the infection mechanisms of these pathogens in their hosts.
该属包括许多影响不同植物物种的植物病原真菌。其中一种是可可色二孢菌，它是可可树的病原体，可引起可可色二孢枯萎病，这是一种对作物致命的疾病。然而，对于这种病原体如何与宿主相互作用，人们知之甚少。对可能编码效应蛋白的基因的了解和鉴定对于理解这个病理系统是至关重要的。本工作旨在通过对数据库中五种可可色二孢菌基因组的比较分析，预测可可色二孢菌的效应蛋白编码基因。我们通过计算机分析进行了新的基因组注释。我们分析了可可色二孢菌的分泌组和效应组，利用肽的特征，如分泌用的信号肽的存在、无跨膜结构域和半胱氨酸残基的丰富性。我们在可可色二孢菌的蛋白质组中鉴定了 160 个候选效应蛋白，这些蛋白可以分为细胞质（102 个）或质外体（58 个）。在候选效应蛋白的总数中，有 146 个被表达，平均每百万个转录本有 206.56 个。我们的数据库是使用稳健的生物信息学策略创建的，然后进行手动整理，生成了涉及植物相互作用的致病性相关基因的信息，包括 CAZymes、水解酶、裂解酶和氧化还原酶。将已经在 Sordariomycetes 物种中被表征为效应物的蛋白进行比较，发现了五个与可可色二孢菌同源的蛋白序列组。这些数据为研究这些病原体在宿主中的感染机制提供了有价值的资源。
