美国 745 个城市中种族居住隔离与可步行性之间的关联。
Association between racial residential segregation and walkability in 745 U.S. cities.
机构信息
New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, New York, NY, USA.
New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, New York, NY, USA.
出版信息
Health Place. 2023 Nov;84:103114. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103114. Epub 2023 Sep 27.
Despite higher chronic disease prevalence, minoritized populations live in highly walkable neighborhoods in US cities more frequently than non-minoritized populations. We investigated whether city-level racial residential segregation (RRS) was associated with city-level walkability, stratified by population density, possibly explaining this counterintuitive association. RRS for Black-White and Latino-White segregation in large US cities was calculated using the Index of Dissimilarity (ID), and walkability was measured using WalkScore. Median walkability increased across increasing quartiles of population density, as expected. Higher ID was associated with higher walkability; associations varied in strength across strata of population density. RRS undergirds the observed association between walkability and minoritized populations, especially in higher population density cities.
尽管少数族裔人群的慢性疾病患病率较高，但他们居住在美国城市中更便于步行的社区的频率却高于非少数族裔人群。我们研究了城市层面的种族居住隔离（RRS）是否与城市层面的步行便利性有关，按人口密度进行分层，这可能解释了这种违反直觉的关联。利用不相似指数（ID）计算了美国大城市中黑-白和拉丁裔-白人群体的 RRS，并用 WalkScore 衡量步行便利性。正如预期的那样，随着人口密度 quartile 的增加，步行便利性中位数也随之增加。更高的 ID 与更高的步行便利性相关；在人口密度不同的层中，关联的强度有所不同。RRS 支撑了观察到的步行便利性与少数族裔人群之间的关联，尤其是在人口密度较高的城市。
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