College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
Elanco (Shanghai)Animal Health Co, Ltd, No.1, Field Middle Road, Wusi Farm, Fengxian District, Shanghai, China.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2023 Sep 30;39(12):325. doi: 10.1007/s11274-023-03771-5.
Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis) is the primary organism for lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and is a globally recognized safe microorganism for the regulation of the intestinal micro-ecological balance of animals and improving the immune performance of the host. L. lactis is known to play a commercially important role in feed fortification, milk fermentation, and vaccine production, but pathogenic L. lactis has been isolated from many clinical cases in recent years, such as the brain of silver carp with Lactococcosis, the liver and spleen of diseased waterfowl, milk samples and padding materials with cow mastitis, and blood and urine from human patients with endocarditis. In dairy farming, where L. lactis has been used as a probiotic in the past, however, some studies have found that L. lactis can cause mastitis in cows, but the lack of understanding of the pathogenesis of mastitis in cows caused by L. lactis has become a new problem. The main objective of this review is to analyze the increasingly serious clinical mastitis caused by L. lactis and combined with the wide application of L. lactis as probiotics, to comprehensively discuss the characteristics and diversity of L. lactis.
乳球菌（Lactococcus lactis）是乳酸菌（LAB）的主要生物，是一种被全球认可的安全微生物，可调节动物肠道微生态平衡，提高宿主的免疫性能。乳球菌在饲料强化、牛奶发酵和疫苗生产方面发挥着重要的商业作用，但近年来已从许多临床病例中分离出致病性乳球菌，如患有乳球菌病的鲤鱼脑、患病水禽的肝脾、患有乳腺炎的牛奶样本和衬垫材料以及患有心内膜炎的人类患者的血液和尿液。然而，在过去曾将乳球菌用作益生菌的奶牛养殖中，一些研究发现乳球菌可引起奶牛乳腺炎，但对乳球菌引起奶牛乳腺炎的发病机制缺乏了解已成为一个新问题。本综述的主要目的是分析由乳球菌引起的日益严重的临床乳腺炎，并结合乳球菌作为益生菌的广泛应用，全面讨论乳球菌的特征和多样性。
