Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
FASEB J. 2023 Nov;37(11):e23231. doi: 10.1096/fj.202301078R.
Some metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia, are associated with a state of inflammation, which adversely affects cardiovascular health. Emerging evidence suggests that long-term hyperactivation of innate immune cells and their bone marrow progenitors, termed trained immunity, functions to accelerate atherosclerosis and its complications in cardiometabolic diseases. This review will focus on how trained immunity is established, particularly through metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, to cause persistent and deleterious changes in immune cell function, even after the original stimulus has been corrected or removed. Understanding the mechanisms driving maladaptive trained immunity and its fundamental contribution to cardiovascular disease might enable the development of novel disease-modifying therapeutics for the reduction in cardiovascular risk in diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and related cardiometabolic states.
一些代谢性疾病，如糖尿病和高血脂症，与炎症状态有关，这对心血管健康有不良影响。新出现的证据表明，固有免疫细胞及其骨髓前体细胞的长期过度激活，即所谓的训练免疫，可加速代谢性心血管疾病中的动脉粥样硬化及其并发症。本综述将重点讨论训练免疫是如何通过代谢和表观遗传重编程来建立的，特别是在最初的刺激得到纠正或消除后，这种免疫细胞功能的持续和有害变化。了解驱动适应性训练免疫的机制及其对心血管疾病的基本贡献，可能有助于开发新的疾病修饰治疗方法，以降低糖尿病、高血脂症和相关代谢性心血管状态的心血管风险。
