Luo Maowen, Luan Xingzhao, Jiang Gen, Yang Luxia, Yan Kekun, Li Shenjie, Xiang Wei, Zhou Jie
Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
J Cancer. 2023 Sep 4;14(14):2707-2719. doi: 10.7150/jca.86996. eCollection 2023.
Glioma is a frequently occurring type of cancer that affects the central nervous system. Despite the availability of standardized treatment options including surgical resection, concurrent radiotherapy, and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) therapy, the prognosis for glioma patients is often unfavorable. Exosomes act as vehicles for intercellular communication, contributing to tissue repair, immune modulation, and the transfer of metabolic cargo to recipient cells. However, the transmission of abnormal substances can also contribute to pathologic states such as cancer, metabolic diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The field of exosome research in oncology has seen significant advancements, with exosomes identified as dynamic modulators of tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as angiogenesis and drug resistance. Exosomes have negligible cytotoxicity, low immunogenicity, and small size, rendering them an ideal therapeutic candidate for glioma. This comprehensive review discusses the dual effects of exosomes in glioma, with an emphasis on their role in facilitating drug resistance. Furthermore, the clinical applications and current limitations of exosomes in glioma therapy are also discussed in detail.
神经胶质瘤是一种常见的癌症类型，会影响中枢神经系统。尽管有包括手术切除、同步放疗和辅助替莫唑胺（TMZ）治疗在内的标准化治疗方案，但神经胶质瘤患者的预后往往不佳。外泌体作为细胞间通讯的载体，有助于组织修复、免疫调节以及向受体细胞转运代谢物质。然而，异常物质的传递也可能导致诸如癌症、代谢性疾病和神经退行性疾病等病理状态。肿瘤学中外泌体研究领域取得了重大进展，外泌体被确定为肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭以及血管生成和耐药性的动态调节因子。外泌体具有可忽略不计的细胞毒性、低免疫原性和小尺寸，使其成为神经胶质瘤的理想治疗候选物。这篇综述讨论了外泌体在神经胶质瘤中的双重作用，重点是它们在促进耐药性方面的作用。此外，还详细讨论了外泌体在神经胶质瘤治疗中的临床应用和当前局限性。
