Hayashi Daisuke, Noguchi Emiko, Maruo Kazushi, Hara Monami, Nakayama Shoji F, Takada Hidetoshi
Japan Environment and Children's Study Program Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan.
Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob. 2022 Mar 10;1(2):43-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jacig.2022.02.003. eCollection 2022 May.
Maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) may influence allergic diseases in the children who are the product of those pregnancies.
The purpose of our study was to investigate the association between mothers' prepregnancy BMI and the risk of physician-diagnosed asthma, food allergy (FA), and atopic dermatitis (AD) in their children during the first 3 years of life.
Data on mothers' prepregnancy BMI and physician-diagnosed asthma, FA, and AD in their children until the age of 3 years were obtained from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a nationwide birth cohort study that has recruited 103,099 pregnant women between 2011 and 2014. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the results.
We analyzed 67,204 mother-child pairs with available information on physician-diagnosed allergic diseases. The risk of asthma was significantly higher in children born to overweight mothers (adjusted OR [aOR] =1.17 [95% CI = 1.07-1.28]) and obese mothers (aOR = 1.28 [95% CI = 1.08-1.50]), whereas the risk of FA, cow's milk allergy, and egg allergy decreased significantly in children born to overweight mothers (aOR = 0.84 [95% CI = 0.76-0.92]; aOR = 0.78 [95% CI = 0.64-0.93]; and aOR = 0.83 [95% CI = 0.74-0.94]) and obese mothers (aOR = 0.81 [95% CI = 0.67-0.97]; aOR = 0.58 [95% CI = 0.36-0.87]; and aOR = 0.73 [95% CI = 0.56-0.93]) compared with in children born to normal weight mothers, respectively. Associations between AD and maternal BMI were not detected.
Our study showed that an increase in mothers' prepregnancy BMI was associated with an increase in asthma prevalence and a decrease in FA prevalence in their children. Further studies are needed to reveal the mechanisms associated with maternal BMI and pediatric allergic diseases.
母亲孕前体重指数（BMI）可能会影响其孕期所生孩子患过敏性疾病的情况。
本研究旨在调查母亲孕前BMI与孩子出生后3年内经医生诊断患哮喘、食物过敏（FA）和特应性皮炎（AD）风险之间的关联。
母亲孕前BMI以及孩子3岁前经医生诊断患哮喘、FA和AD的数据，来自日本环境与儿童研究，这是一项全国性的出生队列研究，在2011年至2014年期间招募了103,099名孕妇。采用逻辑回归分析对结果进行分析。
我们分析了67,204对母婴，这些母婴有经医生诊断的过敏性疾病的可用信息。超重母亲所生孩子患哮喘的风险显著更高（校正比值比[aOR]=1.17[95%置信区间=1.07 - 1.28]），肥胖母亲所生孩子患哮喘的风险也显著更高（aOR = 1.28[95%置信区间=1.08 - 1.50]），而超重母亲所生孩子患FA、牛奶过敏和鸡蛋过敏的风险则显著降低（aOR = 0.84[95%置信区间=0.76 - 0.92]；aOR = 0.78[95%置信区间=0.64 - 0.93]；aOR = 0.83[95%置信区间=0.74 - 0.94]），肥胖母亲所生孩子患FA、牛奶过敏和鸡蛋过敏的风险分别为（aOR = 0.81[95%置信区间=0.67 - 0.97]；aOR = 0.58[95%置信区间=0.36 - 0.87]；aOR = 0.73[95%置信区间=0.56 - 0.93]），与正常体重母亲所生孩子相比。未检测到AD与母亲BMI之间的关联。
我们的研究表明，母亲孕前BMI的增加与孩子哮喘患病率的增加以及FA患病率的降低有关。需要进一步研究以揭示与母亲BMI和儿童过敏性疾病相关的机制。
