Nath Chandan, Hossain Md Saddam, Ahaduzzaman Md
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Chattogram, Bangladesh.
Virusdisease. 2023 Sep;34(3):440-445. doi: 10.1007/s13337-023-00829-8. Epub 2023 Jul 11.
Avian polyomavirus (APV) is an emerging pathogen in many parts of the world responsible for causing significant mortality in captive psittacine birds. The virus spreads slowly, and transboundary movement of birds is one of the potential risk factors for the virus introduction in the naïve population. Bangladesh allows the import of birds, however there is currently no surveillance to screen for APV. Since we confirmed beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) infection in the captive population in our earlier investigation, we hypothesized that APV may also be circulating in Bangladesh. Feather samples were collected from 100 birds (90 psittacine and 10 non-psittacine). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect viral DNA together with sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. This first pilot study confirmed the presence (7%, 7/100) of APV in captive psittacine birds of Bangladesh and almost half (4%, 4/100) of the APV positive birds had the BFDV co-infection. All the PCR-positive birds were asymptomatic and found in live bird markets (LBMs). No significant variation was observed in the detection rate considering species ( = 0.94), age ( = 0.39) or sex ( = 0.55) of birds. According to the results of the phylogenetic study, the APV isolates found in Bangladesh appear to be unrelated to isolates from other geographical areas. These findings provide an evidence of APV circulating in Bangladesh, with or without the co-infection of BFDV. Additional studies are needed to investigate the occurrence of APV/BFDV co-infection in the larger population of Bangladesh and in countries where transboundary bird interaction with Bangladesh may be possible.
禽多瘤病毒（APV）是世界许多地区出现的一种病原体，可导致圈养鹦鹉科鸟类大量死亡。该病毒传播缓慢，鸟类的跨境移动是病毒传入易感种群的潜在风险因素之一。孟加拉国允许鸟类进口，但目前没有针对APV的监测。由于我们在早期调查中证实圈养鸟类感染了喙羽病病毒（BFDV），我们推测APV可能也在孟加拉国传播。从100只鸟（90只鹦鹉科鸟类和10只非鹦鹉科鸟类）采集羽毛样本。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测病毒DNA，并进行测序和系统发育分析。这项首次试点研究证实，孟加拉国圈养的鹦鹉科鸟类中存在APV（7%，7/100），近一半（4%，4/100）的APV阳性鸟类同时感染了BFDV。所有PCR阳性鸟类均无症状，且均在活禽市场（LBMs）中发现。考虑到鸟类的种类（=0.94）、年龄（=0.39）或性别（=0.55），检测率未观察到显著差异。根据系统发育研究结果，在孟加拉国发现的APV分离株似乎与其他地理区域的分离株无关。这些发现为APV在孟加拉国传播提供了证据，无论是否同时感染BFDV。需要进一步研究，以调查在孟加拉国更多鸟类群体以及可能与孟加拉国存在跨境鸟类互动的国家中APV/BFDV共同感染的情况。
