Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Iran J Med Sci. 2023 Sep;48(5):493-500. doi: 10.30476/IJMS.2023.96134.2764.
Tobacco smoke contains various toxins that negatively affect the human reproductive system. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a potent antioxidant, has protective effects on the reproductive system against oxygen-free radicals, methotrexate, and pesticides. Herein, the effect of CAPE on some key markers of endometrial receptivity has been evaluated.
A cross-sectional study was conducted during 2018-2019 in the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences (Fasa, Iran). Primary endometrial cells were divided into five groups, namely control, nicotine, CAPE, vehicle, and nicotine+CAPE. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and methylation-specific PCR were performed to evaluate gene expressions and methylation, respectively. Appropriate doses of CAPE and nicotine were determined using the MTT assay. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16.0) with a one-way analysis of variance. P<0.01 was considered statistically significant. The fold change was calculated using the 2 method.
Treatment of cells with nicotine significantly reduced the expression of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (), fibroblast growth factor 2 (), and vascular endothelial growth factor A () genes (P<0.0001). However, the expression levels increased significantly when treated with nicotine+CAPE (P<0.0001). Despite the reduced gene expression in cells treated with nicotine, was unmethylated in all study groups, indicating that the methylation status of the gene was not affected by nicotine or CAPE.
CAPE can be a suitable agent to protect female smokers from the harmful effects of nicotine. This manuscript is available as a preprint on the Research Gate website.
烟草烟雾中含有多种毒素，会对人体生殖系统产生负面影响。咖啡酸苯乙酯（CAPE）是一种有效的抗氧化剂，对生殖系统具有保护作用，可以抵抗氧自由基、甲氨蝶呤和杀虫剂的侵害。在此，评估了 CAPE 对子宫内膜容受性一些关键标志物的影响。
2018-2019 年，在法萨大学医学院临床生物化学系进行了一项横断面研究（伊朗法萨）。将原代子宫内膜细胞分为五组，分别为对照组、尼古丁组、CAPE 组、载体组和尼古丁+CAPE 组。采用实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）和甲基化特异性 PCR 分别评估基因表达和甲基化。采用 MTT 法测定 CAPE 和尼古丁的适宜剂量。采用 SPSS 软件（版本 16.0）进行数据分析，采用单向方差分析。P<0.01 为差异有统计学意义。使用 2 法计算 fold change。
细胞经尼古丁处理后，C-X-C 基元趋化因子配体 12 ()、成纤维细胞生长因子 2 () 和血管内皮生长因子 A () 基因的表达显著降低（P<0.0001）。然而，用尼古丁+CAPE 处理后，这些基因的表达水平显著增加（P<0.0001）。尽管经尼古丁处理的细胞中 基因表达降低，但在所有研究组中， 基因均未甲基化，表明 基因的甲基化状态不受尼古丁或 CAPE 的影响。
CAPE 可作为一种合适的药物，保护女性吸烟者免受尼古丁的有害影响。本文可在 Research Gate 网站上作为预印本获取。
