Arabiotorre Angela, Bankaitis Vytas A, Grabon Aby
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine Texas A&M Health Sciences Center College Station, Bryan, TX, United States.
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&M University College Station, College Station, TX, United States.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023 Sep 15;11:1163574. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1163574. eCollection 2023.
Phosphoinositides are a biologically essential class of phospholipids that contribute to organelle membrane identity, modulate membrane trafficking pathways, and are central components of major signal transduction pathways that operate on the cytosolic face of intracellular membranes in eukaryotes. Apicomplexans (such as and spp.) are obligate intracellular parasites that are important causative agents of disease in animals and humans. Recent advances in molecular and cell biology of Apicomplexan parasites reveal important roles for phosphoinositide signaling in key aspects of parasitosis. These include invasion of host cells, intracellular survival and replication, egress from host cells, and extracellular motility. As Apicomplexans have adapted to the organization of essential signaling pathways to accommodate their complex parasitic lifestyle, these organisms offer experimentally tractable systems for studying the evolution, conservation, and repurposing of phosphoinositide signaling. In this review, we describe the regulatory mechanisms that control the spatial and temporal regulation of phosphoinositides in the Apicomplexan parasites and . We further discuss the similarities and differences presented by Apicomplexan phosphoinositide signaling relative to how these pathways are regulated in other eukaryotic organisms.
磷酸肌醇是一类对生物至关重要的磷脂，它们有助于细胞器膜的识别，调节膜运输途径，并且是真核生物中在细胞内膜胞质面起作用的主要信号转导途径的核心组成部分。顶复门寄生虫（如疟原虫属和弓形虫属物种）是专性细胞内寄生虫，是动物和人类疾病的重要病原体。顶复门寄生虫分子与细胞生物学的最新进展揭示了磷酸肌醇信号传导在寄生虫病关键方面的重要作用。这些方面包括宿主细胞入侵、细胞内存活与复制、从宿主细胞逸出以及细胞外运动。由于顶复门寄生虫已适应基本信号传导途径的组织方式以适应其复杂的寄生生活方式，这些生物体为研究磷酸肌醇信号传导的进化、保守性及重新利用提供了易于实验操作的系统。在本综述中，我们描述了控制顶复门寄生虫疟原虫属和弓形虫属中磷酸肌醇时空调节的调控机制。我们还进一步讨论了顶复门磷酸肌醇信号传导相对于这些途径在其他真核生物中的调控方式所呈现出的异同。
