University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Nursing, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Nebraska Total Care Clinical Advisory Board, Centene Corporation, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Res Nurs Health. 2023 Dec;46(6):603-615. doi: 10.1002/nur.22341. Epub 2023 Oct 4.
Urinary incontinence (UI) is experienced by approximately 60% of women in the United States and has a negative impact on self-esteem, sexual function, social participation, and quality of life. Rural women, who are underrepresented in the UI literature, face many health disparities and unique barriers to accessing care. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore UI self-management behaviors in rural women with UI, including the contextual factors that influence their approach to self-management. This study recruited rural women, ages 30-60 years, using purposive sampling via social media. Demographic information was collected. A semi-structured interview guide was used to conduct individual, in-depth interviews via Zoom. Interview data were analyzed using qualitative description. Sections of interview text were coded using a priori and emergent codes, grouped into categories, and distilled into themes. A total of 31 participants (mean age = 47.2 years) met inclusion/exclusion criteria, enrolled, and completed the study. Qualitative analysis revealed rural as a cross-cutting theme and five major themes: self-management behaviors, familial influence, medical encounters, talking about UI, and resource scarcity. Participants described the rural environment as having a substantial impact on their approach to UI self-management. Specifically, rural social enmeshment made seeking care for UI in rural communities challenging. Findings shed light on how the rural environment influences various aspects of UI self-management in midlife women. Diverse perspectives in UI self-management are needed to advance knowledge in this field.
尿失禁（UI）在美国约有 60%的女性经历过，对自尊、性功能、社会参与和生活质量都有负面影响。农村妇女在 UI 文献中代表性不足，她们面临着许多健康差距和获得医疗保健的独特障碍。本定性描述性研究的目的是探索农村 UI 女性的 UI 自我管理行为，包括影响她们自我管理方法的情境因素。本研究通过社交媒体，采用目的抽样法招募了年龄在 30-60 岁之间的农村妇女。收集了人口统计学信息。使用半结构化访谈指南通过 Zoom 进行了个人深入访谈。使用定性描述法对访谈数据进行分析。使用先验和新兴代码对访谈文本的部分内容进行编码，将其分组为类别，并提炼为主题。共有 31 名符合纳入/排除标准的参与者入组并完成了研究。定性分析显示农村是一个跨主题，有五个主要主题：自我管理行为、家庭影响、医疗接触、谈论 UI 和资源匮乏。参与者描述农村环境对她们的 UI 自我管理方法有很大影响。具体来说，农村社会关系使在农村社区寻求 UI 治疗具有挑战性。研究结果揭示了农村环境如何影响中年女性 UI 自我管理的各个方面。需要对 UI 自我管理有不同的看法，以推动该领域的知识发展。
