Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Biopolymers. 2024 Mar;115(2):e23567. doi: 10.1002/bip.23567. Epub 2023 Oct 4.
Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a unique combination of peptides and nucleic acids. PNA can exhibit hydrogen bonding interactions with complementary nucleobases like DNA/RNA. Also, its polyamide backbone allows easy incorporation of biomolecules like peptides and proteins to build hybrid molecular constructs. Because of chimeric structural properties, PNA has lots of potential to build diverse nanostructures. However, progress in the PNA material field is still immature compared with its massive applications in antisense oligonucleotide research. Examples of well-defined molecular assemblies have been reported with PNA amphiphiles, self-assembling guanine-PNA monomers/dimers, and PNA-decorated nucleic acids/ polymers/ peptides. All these works indicate the great potential of PNA to be used as bionanomaterials. The review summarizes the recent reports on PNA-based nanostructures and their versatile applications. Additionally, this review shares a perspective to promote a better understanding of controlling molecular assembly by the systematic structural modifications of PNA monomers.
肽核酸（PNA）是一种肽和核酸的独特组合。PNA 可以与 DNA/RNA 等互补碱基形成氢键相互作用。此外，其聚酰胺骨架允许轻松掺入肽和蛋白质等生物分子，以构建杂交分子构建体。由于其杂种结构特性，PNA 具有构建多种纳米结构的巨大潜力。然而，与在反义寡核苷酸研究中的大量应用相比，PNA 材料领域的进展仍然不成熟。已经有报道称，PNA 两亲物、自组装的鸟嘌呤-PNA 单体/二聚体和 PNA 修饰的核酸/聚合物/肽可以形成具有明确分子组装的例子。所有这些工作都表明 PNA 作为生物纳米材料具有巨大的应用潜力。本综述总结了基于 PNA 的纳米结构及其多种应用的最新报告。此外，本综述还分享了通过系统地对 PNA 单体进行结构修饰来控制分子组装的观点。
