Department of Chemical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India; Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India.
Project Prioritization, Monitoring & Evaluation and Knowledge Management Unit, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil & Water Conservation (ICAR-IISWC), Dehradun, India.
Environ Res. 2023 Dec 1;238(Pt 2):117233. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117233. Epub 2023 Oct 2.
All living things depend on their natural environment, either directly or indirectly, for their high quality of life, growth, nutrition, and development. Due to the fast emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), the Earth's climate system is being negatively impacted by global warming. Stresses caused by climate change, such as rising and hotter seas, increased droughts and floods, and acrid waters, threaten the world's most populated areas and aquatic ecosystems. As a result, the aquatic ecosystems of the globe are quickly reaching hazardous conditions. Marine ecosystems are essential parts of the world's environment and provide several benefits to the human population, such as water for drinking and irrigation, leisure activities, and habitat for commercially significant fisheries. Although local human activities have influenced coastal zones for millennia, it is still unclear how these impacts and stresses from climate change may combine to endanger coastal ecosystems. Recent studies have shown that rising levels of greenhouse gases are causing ocean systems to experience conditions not seen in several million years, which may cause profound and irreversible ecological shifts. Ocean productivity has declined, food web dynamics have changed, habitat-forming species are less common, species ranges have changed, and disease prevalence has increased due to human climate change. We provide an outline of the interaction between global warming and the influence of humans along the coastline. This review aims to demonstrate the significance of long-term monitoring, the creation of ecological indicators, and the applications of understanding how aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning respond to global warming. This review discusses the effects of current climate change on marine biological processes both now and in the future, describes present climate change concerning historical change, and considers the potential roles aquatic systems could play in mitigating the effects of global climate change.
所有生物都依赖其自然环境，无论是直接还是间接，以获得高质量的生活、生长、营养和发展。由于温室气体（GHGs）排放迅速增加，地球的气候系统正受到全球变暖的负面影响。气候变化带来的压力，如海平面上升和变暖、干旱和洪水增加以及海水酸化，威胁着世界上人口最多的地区和水生生态系统。因此，全球水生生态系统正在迅速达到危险状态。海洋生态系统是世界环境的重要组成部分，为人类提供了多种益处，如饮用水和灌溉用水、休闲活动以及具有商业重要性的渔业栖息地。尽管几千年来，当地人类活动一直影响着沿海地区，但气候变化带来的这些影响和压力如何结合起来威胁沿海生态系统，目前还不清楚。最近的研究表明，温室气体水平的上升导致海洋系统经历了数百万年来从未有过的情况，这可能会导致深刻和不可逆转的生态变化。海洋生产力下降，食物网动态发生变化，形成栖息地的物种减少，物种分布范围发生变化，疾病流行率因人类气候变化而增加。我们提供了全球变暖与沿海人类活动影响之间相互作用的概述。这篇综述旨在展示长期监测、生态指标创建以及理解水生生物多样性和生态系统功能如何应对全球变暖的应用的重要性。本综述讨论了当前气候变化对海洋生物过程的影响，包括现在和未来的影响，描述了当前气候变化相对于历史变化的情况，并考虑了水生系统在缓解全球气候变化影响方面可能发挥的作用。
