Ocean and Coasts Program, Global Change Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Science. 2010 Jun 18;328(5985):1523-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1189930.
Marine ecosystems are centrally important to the biology of the planet, yet a comprehensive understanding of how anthropogenic climate change is affecting them has been poorly developed. Recent studies indicate that rapidly rising greenhouse gas concentrations are driving ocean systems toward conditions not seen for millions of years, with an associated risk of fundamental and irreversible ecological transformation. The impacts of anthropogenic climate change so far include decreased ocean productivity, altered food web dynamics, reduced abundance of habitat-forming species, shifting species distributions, and a greater incidence of disease. Although there is considerable uncertainty about the spatial and temporal details, climate change is clearly and fundamentally altering ocean ecosystems. Further change will continue to create enormous challenges and costs for societies worldwide, particularly those in developing countries.
海洋生态系统对地球的生物学至关重要，但人们对人为气候变化如何影响它们的综合理解还很不完善。最近的研究表明，温室气体浓度的迅速上升正在使海洋系统向数百万年来未曾出现过的条件发展，这伴随着生态发生根本和不可逆转变化的风险。人为气候变化的影响包括海洋生产力下降、食物网动态变化、生境形成物种减少、物种分布转移，以及疾病发病率增加。尽管对空间和时间细节存在相当大的不确定性，但气候变化显然正在从根本上改变海洋生态系统。进一步的变化将继续给世界各国，特别是发展中国家的社会带来巨大的挑战和代价。
