儿童胸部创伤的临床特点和治疗。单中心 11 年经验。

Ann Ital Chir. 2023;94:351-357.

AIM

This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of thoracic trauma in children.

MATERIAL AND METHOD

Thoracic trauma cases treated in our clinic between February 2011 and January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTS

31.5% (n=136) of 432 cases with thoracic trauma had isolated thoracic trauma. Mean age was 8.7±4 years, 74.3% were boys (n=321) and 25.7% were girls (n=111). In patients with thoracic trauma in children; blunt injuries were 84%, penetrating-stab wounds were 12%, and gunshot wounds were 4%, while the rate of penetrating trauma over the age of 15 was 24.8%. The most common causes were motor vehicle accidents (42.4%) and falls from height (23.9%). The most common pathologies; pulmonary contusion (71.7%), pneumothorax (48.7%), rib fracture (18%), and pulmonary laceration (12%). Tube thoracostomy was performed in 51 (46.4%) of 110 cases with pneumothorax. Thoracotomy was performed in 2 cases with penetrating gunshot wounds, and tube thoracostomy was performed in 2 cases with hemothorax. The mean hospital stay was 7 days, and1 case with severe cranial trauma died.

CONCLUSION

Chest wall, pulmonary, mediastinal, and diaphragmatic structures can be damaged in chest trauma. However, it should be kept in mind that every chest trauma patient may also have polytrauma, and accompanying injuries should be carefully examined.

KEY WORDS

Childhood, Thoracic trauma, Tube Thoracostomy.

目的

本研究旨在评估儿童胸部创伤的特点。

材料与方法

回顾性分析 2011 年 2 月至 2022 年 1 月在我院治疗的胸部创伤病例。

结果

432 例胸部创伤患者中，31.5%（n=136）为单纯性胸部创伤。平均年龄为 8.7±4 岁，74.3%为男性（n=321），25.7%为女性（n=111）。在儿童胸部创伤患者中；钝性损伤占 84%，穿透性刺伤占 12%，枪伤占 4%，而 15 岁以上穿透伤的发生率为 24.8%。最常见的原因是机动车事故（42.4%）和高处坠落（23.9%）。最常见的病理类型；肺挫伤（71.7%）、气胸（48.7%）、肋骨骨折（18%）和肺裂伤（12%）。110 例气胸患者中有 51 例（46.4%）行胸腔引流管。2 例穿透性枪伤患者行开胸手术，2 例血胸患者行胸腔引流管。平均住院时间为 7 天，1 例严重颅脑外伤患者死亡。