Cofone L, Pindinello I, D'Ancona G, Grassi F, Antonucci A, Vitali M, Protano C
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Ann Ig. 2023 Nov-Dec;35(6):660-669. doi: 10.7416/ai.2023.2581.
The aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate the correlation between the exposure to environmental and/or occupational pollutants and possible alteration of semen quality, focalizing the attention on the studies performed using a biomonitoring approach.
The review was conducted from inception to May 11 2023, according to the PRISMA Statement 2020 and using the following databases: Scopus, Pubmed and Web of Science. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023405607). Studies were considered eligible if they reported data about the association between exposure to environmental pollutants and alteration of semen quality using human biomonitoring. The quality assessment was carried out by the use of the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.
In total, 21 articles were included, conducted in several countries. The main matrices used for biomonitoring were urine and blood and the most sought-after contaminants were bisphenols, phthalates, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals and other inorganic trace elements. The results of the studies demonstrated a significant positive correlation between the increase of the pollutants' levels in the biological matrices examined and some alterations of the semen quality indicators, such as a decrease in motility, concentration and morphology of the spermatozoa.
Male fertility can be negatively affected by the exposure to environmental and/or occupational pollutants. Human biomonitoring programs may be considered a useful tool for specific surveillance programs devoted to early highlight subjects who are more exposed to environmental pollutants in order to reduce risk exposure.
本系统评价的目的是评估环境和/或职业污染物暴露与精液质量可能改变之间的相关性，重点关注采用生物监测方法进行的研究。
根据2020年PRISMA声明并使用以下数据库，从开始到2023年5月11日进行了该评价：Scopus、PubMed和科学网。该方案已在PROSPERO（CRD42023405607）上注册。如果研究报告了使用人体生物监测的环境污染物暴露与精液质量改变之间关联的数据，则被认为符合纳入标准。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华质量评估量表进行质量评估。
总共纳入了21篇在多个国家开展的文章。用于生物监测的主要基质是尿液和血液，最受关注的污染物是双酚、邻苯二甲酸盐、农药、多氯联苯、多环芳烃、重金属和其他无机微量元素。研究结果表明，在所检测的生物基质中污染物水平的增加与精液质量指标的一些改变之间存在显著正相关，如精子活力、浓度和形态的降低。
环境和/或职业污染物暴露可能对男性生育能力产生负面影响。人体生物监测项目可被视为特定监测项目的有用工具，专门用于早期发现更多暴露于环境污染物的个体，以降低风险暴露。
