Nguyen Tuyet T N, Baduel Christine
IRD, CNRS, IGE, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38000, France.
IRD, CNRS, IGE, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38000, France.
J Chromatogr A. 2023 Nov 8;1710:464287. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464287. Epub 2023 Aug 6.
Analytical methods for the determination of multi-class emerging contaminants are limited for soil and sediment while they are essential to provide a more complete picture of their distribution in the environment and to understand their fate in different environmental compartments. In this paper, we present the development and optimization of an analytical strategy that combines reliable extraction, purification and the analysis using ultra-pressure liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) of 90 emerging organic contaminants including pesticides, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, flame retardants, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and plasticizers in soil and sediment. To extract a wide range of chemicals, the extraction strategy is based on the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) approach. A number of different options were investigated (buffer, acidification, addition of EDTA, different types and combinations of dispersive SPE etc.) and the effectiveness of the chemical extraction procedure and the clean-up was assessed for two matrices: soil (organic matter content of 9%) and sediment (organic matter content of 1.9%). The method was fully validated for both matrices, in terms of accuracy, linearity, repeatability (intra-day), reproducibility (inter-day), method limits of detection and quantification (LODs and MLOQs, respectively). The final performance showed good accuracy and precision (mean recoveries were between 70 and 120% with relative standard deviations (RSD) less than 20% in most cases), low matrix effects, good linearity for the matrix-matched calibration curve (R≥0.991) and MLOQs ranged from 0.25 and 10 µg/kg. To demonstrate the applicability and suitability of the validated method, soil and sediment samples from Vietnam, France, Sweden and Mexico were analyzed. The results showed that of the 90 target compounds, a total of 33 were quantified in the sediment and soil samples analyzed. In addition to multi-target analysis, this strategy could be suitable for non-target screening, to provide a more comprehensive view of the contaminants present in the samples.
用于测定多类新兴污染物的分析方法在土壤和沉积物方面有限，而这些方法对于更全面了解它们在环境中的分布以及理解它们在不同环境介质中的归宿至关重要。在本文中，我们展示了一种分析策略的开发与优化，该策略结合了可靠的萃取、净化以及使用超高压液相色谱三重四极杆质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）对土壤和沉积物中90种新兴有机污染物进行分析，这些污染物包括农药、药品和个人护理产品、阻燃剂、全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFASs）以及增塑剂。为了萃取多种化学物质，萃取策略基于QuEChERS（快速、简便、廉价、有效、耐用且安全）方法。研究了许多不同的选项（缓冲液、酸化、添加乙二胺四乙酸、不同类型和组合的分散固相萃取等），并针对两种基质评估了化学萃取程序和净化的有效性：土壤（有机质含量9%）和沉积物（有机质含量1.9%）。该方法在准确性、线性、重复性（日内）、再现性（日间）、方法检测限和定量限（分别为LOD和MLOQ）方面针对两种基质都进行了全面验证。最终性能显示出良好的准确性和精密度（大多数情况下平均回收率在70%至120%之间，相对标准偏差（RSD）小于20%）、低基质效应、基质匹配校准曲线的良好线性（R≥0.991）以及MLOQ范围为0.25至10 μg/kg。为了证明验证方法的适用性和适宜性，对来自越南、法国、瑞典和墨西哥的土壤和沉积物样本进行了分析。结果表明，在所分析的沉积物和土壤样本中，90种目标化合物共有33种被定量。除了多目标分析外，该策略还适用于非目标筛查，以更全面地了解样本中存在的污染物。
