State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
BMC Biol. 2023 Oct 5;21(1):208. doi: 10.1186/s12915-023-01707-x.
Domestication and introduction of dairy animals facilitated the permanent human occupation of the Tibetan Plateau. Yet the history of dairy pastoralism in the Tibetan Plateau remains poorly understood. Little is known how Tibetans adapted to milk and dairy products.
We integrated archeological evidence and genetic analysis to show the picture that the dairy ruminants, together with dogs, were introduced from West Eurasia into the Tibetan Plateau since ~ 3600 years ago. The genetic admixture between the exotic and indigenous dogs enriched the candidate lactase persistence (LP) allele 10974A > G of West Eurasian origin in Tibetan dogs. In vitro experiments demonstrate that - 13838G > A functions as a LP allele in Tibetans. Unlike multiple LP alleles presenting selective signatures in West Eurasians and South Asians, the de novo origin of Tibetan-specific LP allele - 13838G > A with low frequency (~ 6-7%) and absence of selection corresponds - 13910C > T in pastoralists across eastern Eurasia steppe.
Results depict a novel scenario of genetic and cultural adaptations to diet and expand current understanding of the establishment of dairy pastoralism in the Tibetan Plateau.
家畜的驯化和引进促进了人类对青藏高原的永久居住。然而，青藏高原的乳业发展历史仍未被充分了解。人们对藏民如何适应牛奶和奶制品知之甚少。
我们综合考古证据和遗传分析，展示了从大约 3600 年前开始，乳制品反刍动物和狗从西欧亚引入青藏高原的图景。外来和本地狗之间的遗传混合丰富了藏狗中起源于西欧亚的候选乳糖持续存在（LP）等位基因 10974A > G。体外实验表明，-13838G > A 在藏民中起 LP 等位基因的作用。与西欧亚人和南亚人存在多个具有选择性特征的 LP 等位基因不同，青藏高原特有的 LP 等位基因-13838G > A 的新起源频率较低（约 6-7%），且没有选择，与东亚草原东部的牧民中的-13910C > T 相对应。
研究结果描绘了一种对饮食进行遗传和文化适应的新情景，并扩展了对青藏高原乳业发展的现有理解。
Zotero 插件
