Zong Yonglan, Gong Jiantao, Zhang Jilai, Su Youbo, Hu Chenglei, Li Tianguo, Wu Yonglin, Jiang Ming
College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming China
RSC Adv. 2023 Oct 4;13(41):28975-28983. doi: 10.1039/d3ra04863b. eCollection 2023 Sep 26.
High-quality soda ash (NaCO) is mainly produced using the ammonia-alkaline method, generating a significant amount of industrial waste called soda residue. In China, the annual production of soda residue exceeds 10 million tons. The large-scale open-air storage of soda residue not only occupies land but also causes severe pollution to the surrounding environment. Soda residue displays characteristics such as strong alkalinity, high reactivity, and a well-developed pore structure, making it a valuable raw material for producing environmentally functional materials. This article provided an overview and summary of soda residue, including its sources and hazards, basic properties, applications in environmental management (wastewater treatment, flue gas desulfurization, and soil remediation), and associated risks. The limitations of using soda residue in "waste to waste" technologies were also analyzed. Based on this analysis, the article suggests focusing on simultaneous removal of heavy metal ions using soda residue, safely disposing of and acquiring resources from metal-laden sludge, efficiently dechlorinating soda residue, using soda residue for contaminated soil solidification, stabilization, and assisted remediation, controlling pollution green and circular utilization approaches, and assessing long-term risk.
高质量纯碱（Na₂CO₃）主要采用氨碱法生产，会产生大量名为碱渣的工业废料。在中国，碱渣的年产量超过1000万吨。碱渣大规模露天堆放不仅占用土地，还会对周边环境造成严重污染。碱渣具有强碱性、高反应活性和发达的孔隙结构等特性，使其成为生产环境功能材料的宝贵原料。本文对碱渣进行了概述和总结，包括其来源与危害、基本性质、在环境治理（废水处理、烟气脱硫和土壤修复）中的应用以及相关风险。还分析了在“废物转化为废物”技术中使用碱渣的局限性。基于此分析，文章建议着重利用碱渣同步去除重金属离子、安全处置含金属污泥并从中获取资源、高效去除碱渣中的氯、利用碱渣进行污染土壤的固化、稳定化及辅助修复、通过绿色循环利用方法控制污染以及评估长期风险。
