Evolutionary Cell Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1677-1, Yamaguchi City, 753-8512, Japan.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2023 Dec;85:102253. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102253. Epub 2023 Oct 4.
The eukaryotic nucleus exhibits remarkable plasticity in size, adjusting dynamically to changes in cellular conditions such as during development and differentiation, and across species. Traditionally, the supply of structural constituents to the nuclear envelope has been proposed as the principal determinant of nuclear size. However, recent experimental and theoretical analyses have provided an alternative perspective, which emphasizes the crucial role of physical forces such as osmotic pressure and chromatin repulsion forces in regulating nuclear size. These forces can be modulated by the molecular profiles that traverse the nuclear envelope and assemble in the macromolecular complex. This leads to a new paradigm wherein multiple nuclear macromolecules that are not limited to only the structural constituents of the nuclear envelope, are involved in the control of nuclear size and related functions.
真核细胞核的大小具有显著的可变性，可以根据细胞条件的变化（如发育和分化过程中）以及物种的不同进行动态调整。传统上，核膜的结构成分供应被认为是决定核大小的主要因素。然而，最近的实验和理论分析提供了另一种观点，强调了渗透压和染色质排斥力等物理力在调节核大小方面的关键作用。这些力可以通过穿过核膜并组装在大分子复合物中的分子谱进行调节。这导致了一种新的范例，其中涉及多种核大分子，它们不仅限于核膜的结构成分，而是参与了核大小和相关功能的控制。
