Yazici Duygu, Ogulur Ismail, Pat Yagiz, Babayev Huseyn, Barletta Elena, Ardicli Sena, Bel Imam Manal, Huang Mengting, Koch Jana, Li Manru, Maurer Debbie, Radzikowska Urszula, Satitsuksanoa Pattraporn, Schneider Stephan R, Sun Na, Traidl Stephan, Wallimann Alexandra, Wawrocki Sebastian, Zhakparov Damir, Fehr Danielle, Ziadlou Reihane, Mitamura Yasutaka, Brüggen Marie-Charlotte, van de Veen Willem, Sokolowska Milena, Baerenfaller Katja, Nadeau Kari, Akdis Mubeccel, Akdis Cezmi A
Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.
Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Davos, Switzerland.
Semin Immunol. 2023 Nov;70:101846. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101846. Epub 2023 Oct 4.
Since the 1960 s, our health has been compromised by exposure to over 350,000 newly introduced toxic substances, contributing to the current pandemic in allergic, autoimmune and metabolic diseases. The "Epithelial Barrier Theory" postulates that these diseases are exacerbated by persistent periepithelial inflammation (epithelitis) triggered by exposure to a wide range of epithelial barrier-damaging substances as well as genetic susceptibility. The epithelial barrier serves as the body's primary physical, chemical, and immunological barrier against external stimuli. A leaky epithelial barrier facilitates the translocation of the microbiome from the surface of the afflicted tissues to interepithelial and even deeper subepithelial locations. In turn, opportunistic bacterial colonization, microbiota dysbiosis, local inflammation and impaired tissue regeneration and remodelling follow. Migration of inflammatory cells to susceptible tissues contributes to damage and inflammation, initiating and aggravating many chronic inflammatory diseases. The objective of this review is to highlight and evaluate recent studies on epithelial physiology and its role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases in light of the epithelial barrier theory.
自20世纪60年代以来，我们的健康因接触超过35万种新引入的有毒物质而受到损害，这导致了目前过敏性、自身免疫性和代谢性疾病的大流行。“上皮屏障理论”假定，这些疾病会因接触多种破坏上皮屏障的物质以及遗传易感性引发的持续性上皮周围炎症（上皮炎）而加剧。上皮屏障是人体抵御外部刺激的主要物理、化学和免疫屏障。上皮屏障渗漏会促使微生物群从患病组织表面转移到上皮间甚至更深的上皮下位置。反过来，机会性细菌定植、微生物群失调、局部炎症以及组织再生和重塑受损随之而来。炎症细胞向易感组织的迁移会导致组织损伤和炎症，引发并加重许多慢性炎症性疾病。本综述的目的是根据上皮屏障理论，重点介绍和评估近期关于上皮生理学及其在慢性疾病发病机制中作用的研究。
