University of Groningen, Centre for Isotope Research, Groningen, 8481 NG, The Netherlands.
Wageningen University, Meteorology & Air Quality Dept, Wageningen, 6700 AA, The Netherlands.
Nat Commun. 2023 Oct 6;14(1):6218. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41851-0.
The year 2022 saw record breaking temperatures in Europe during both summer and fall. Similar to the recent 2018 drought, close to 30% (3.0 million km) of the European continent was under severe summer drought. In 2022, the drought was located in central and southeastern Europe, contrasting the Northern-centered 2018 drought. We show, using multiple sets of observations, a reduction of net biospheric carbon uptake in summer (56-62 TgC) over the drought area. Specific sites in France even showed a widespread summertime carbon release by forests, additional to wildfires. Partial compensation (32%) for the decreased carbon uptake due to drought was offered by a warm autumn with prolonged biospheric carbon uptake. The severity of this second drought event in 5 years suggests drought-induced reduced carbon uptake to no longer be exceptional, and important to factor into Europe's developing plans for net-zero greenhouse gas emissions that rely on carbon uptake by forests.
2022 年，欧洲夏季和秋季均创下了破纪录的高温。与最近的 2018 年干旱类似，欧洲大陆近 30%（300 万平方千米）的地区遭受严重夏季干旱。2022 年的干旱位于欧洲中部和东南部，与以北部为中心的 2018 年干旱形成对比。我们利用多组观测结果表明，在干旱地区，夏季的净生物圈碳吸收量减少了 56-62TgC。法国的一些特定地点甚至出现了森林广泛的夏季碳排放，除此之外还有野火。温暖的秋季延长了生物圈的碳吸收，为因干旱而减少的碳吸收提供了部分补偿（32%）。这是 5 年内发生的第二次严重干旱事件，表明干旱导致的碳吸收减少不再是例外情况，对于考虑欧洲发展净零温室气体排放计划至关重要，该计划依赖于森林的碳吸收。
