Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Mol Biol Rep. 2023 Nov;50(11):9625-9636. doi: 10.1007/s11033-023-08787-6. Epub 2023 Oct 7.
Anxiety disorders (ADs) are extremely common psychiatric conditions that frequently co-occur with other physical and mental disorders. The pathophysiology of ADs is multifaceted and involves intricate connections among biological elements, environmental stimuli, and psychological mechanisms. Recent discoveries have highlighted the significance of epigenetics in bridging the gap between multiple risk factors that contribute to ADs and expanding our understanding of the pathomechanisms underlying ADs. Epigenetics is the study of how changes in the environment and behavior can have an impact on gene function. Indeed, researchers have found that epigenetic mechanisms can affect how genes are activated or inactivated, as well as whether they are expressed. Such mechanisms may also affect how ADs form and are protected. That is, the bulk of pharmacological trials evaluating epigenetic treatments for the treatment of ADs have used histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), yielding promising outcomes in both preclinical and clinical studies. This review will provide an outline of how epigenetic pathways can be used to treat ADs or lessen their risk. It will also present the findings from preclinical and clinical trials that are currently available on the use of epigenetic drugs to treat ADs.
焦虑障碍（AD）是一种极其常见的精神疾病，常与其他身体和精神障碍共病。AD 的病理生理学是多方面的，涉及生物因素、环境刺激和心理机制之间复杂的联系。最近的发现强调了表观遗传学在连接导致 AD 的多种风险因素方面的重要性，并扩展了我们对 AD 发病机制的理解。表观遗传学是研究环境和行为的变化如何影响基因功能的学科。事实上，研究人员发现，表观遗传机制可以影响基因的激活或失活，以及它们是否表达。这些机制还可能影响 AD 的形成和保护方式。也就是说，评估表观遗传治疗 AD 的大部分药理学试验都使用了组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂（HDACi），在临床前和临床研究中都取得了有希望的结果。这篇综述将概述如何使用表观遗传途径来治疗 AD 或降低其风险。它还将介绍目前关于使用表观遗传药物治疗 AD 的临床前和临床试验的结果。
