Schiele M A, Domschke K
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Genes Brain Behav. 2018 Mar;17(3):e12423. doi: 10.1111/gbb.12423. Epub 2017 Sep 26.
The pathogenesis of anxiety disorders is multifactorial, involving complex interactions between biological factors, environmental influences and psychological mechanisms. Recent advances have highlighted the role of epigenetics in bridging the gap between multiple contributing risk factors toward an increased understanding of the pathomechanisms underlying anxiety. In this review, we present an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding putative risk mechanisms in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders, placing a particular focus on the role of protective factors serving to buffer a risk factor constellation and the role of epigenetic processes functioning as a potent turnstile changing passage direction toward disorder risk or resilience. We discuss promising future directions in epigenetic research regarding the prediction, prevention and personalized treatment of anxiety disorders.
焦虑症的发病机制是多因素的，涉及生物因素、环境影响和心理机制之间的复杂相互作用。最近的进展突出了表观遗传学在弥合多种促成风险因素之间的差距方面的作用，从而加深了对焦虑症潜在发病机制的理解。在这篇综述中，我们概述了关于焦虑症发病机制中假定风险机制的当前知识状态，特别关注保护因素在缓冲风险因素组合方面的作用以及表观遗传过程作为一个强大的旋转门改变通向疾病风险或恢复力的通道方向的作用。我们讨论了表观遗传学研究在焦虑症预测、预防和个性化治疗方面有前景的未来方向。
