Li Na, Lin Weiping, Liang Ruixue, Sun Ziwen, Du Bei, Wei Ruihua
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, China.
Eye Vis (Lond). 2023 Oct 7;10(1):43. doi: 10.1186/s40662-023-00358-x.
To compare axial elongation in 8-11-year-old myopes wearing orthokeratology (OK) lenses with different back optic zone diameters (BOZD), defocus incorporated soft contact (DISC) lenses, and single-vision soft contact lenses (SCLs).
A total of 122 children (aged 8-11 years) with spherical equivalent refraction (SER) between - 1.00 D and - 4.00 D were enrolled in this prospective study and randomly assigned to four groups: 5.0 mm-BOZD OK, 6.2 mm-BOZD OK, DISC, and single-vision SCLs. Children in each group were further divided into subgroups stratified by the average baseline SER: low myopic eyes (SER: - 1.00 D to - 2.50 D) and moderate myopic eyes (SER: - 2.50 D and over). Axial length (AL) was measured at baseline and after one year.
The 5.0 mm-BOZD OK, 6.2 mm-BOZD OK, and DISC groups exhibited significantly slower AL elongation than the SCL group. The proportion of slow progressors (AL elongation ≤ 0.18 mm/year) in the first three groups was 42%, 23%, and 29%, respectively. Furthermore, one-year AL elongation was significantly smaller in the 5.0 mm-BOZD OK group compared with the 6.2 mm-BOZD OK group. Regardless of SER, children in the 5.0 mm-BOZD OK and DISC groups showed comparably slower AL elongation than those in the SCL group. However, fitting with 6.2 mm-BOZD OK lenses significantly retarded AL elongation in moderate myopic eyes, but not in low myopic eyes.
Overall, 5.0 mm-BOZD OK lenses, 6.2 mm-BOZD OK lenses, and DISC lenses were effective in retarding AL elongation in 8-11-year-old myopes compared with single-vision SCLs, but for children with SER less than - 2.50 D, fitting with 5.0 mm-BOZD OK lenses and DISC lenses yielded better myopia control efficacy compared to wearing single-vision SCLs or 6.2 mm-BOZD OK lenses.
比较佩戴不同后光学区直径（BOZD）的角膜塑形术（OK）镜片、离焦软性接触镜（DISC）和单焦点软性接触镜（SCL）的8至11岁近视儿童的眼轴长度增长情况。
本前瞻性研究共纳入122名年龄在8至11岁、等效球镜度（SER）在-1.00 D至-4.00 D之间的儿童，并将其随机分为四组：5.0 mm-BOZD OK组、6.2 mm-BOZD OK组、DISC组和单焦点SCL组。每组儿童再根据平均基线SER分为亚组：低度近视组（SER：-1.00 D至-2.50 D）和中度近视组（SER：-2.50 D及以上）。在基线和一年后测量眼轴长度（AL）。
5.0 mm-BOZD OK组、6.2 mm-BOZD OK组和DISC组的AL增长明显慢于SCL组。前三组中进展缓慢者（AL增长≤0.18 mm/年）的比例分别为42%、23%和29%。此外，5.0 mm-BOZD OK组的一年AL增长明显小于6.2 mm-BOZD OK组。无论SER如何，5.0 mm-BOZD OK组和DISC组的儿童AL增长均明显慢于SCL组。然而，佩戴6.2 mm-BOZD OK镜片可显著延缓中度近视儿童的AL增长，但对低度近视儿童无效。
总体而言，与单焦点SCL相比，5.0 mm-BOZD OK镜片、6.2 mm-BOZD OK镜片和DISC镜片在延缓8至11岁近视儿童的AL增长方面有效，但对于SER小于-2.50 D的儿童，佩戴5.0 mm-BOZD OK镜片和DISC镜片比佩戴单焦点SCL或6.2 mm-BOZD OK镜片具有更好的近视控制效果。
