Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2023 Nov 1;266:115537. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115537. Epub 2023 Oct 6.
This study focused on the distribution of microplastics in the water and sediment of the Ganges River Basin to the Meghna Estuary in Bangladesh. Thirty points were sampled from Chapainawabganj district (India-Bangladesh border) to Chandpur district (Meghna Estuary). The morphological appearances were recognized by stereomicroscope and SEM-EDX analysis. Potential ecological risks were also measured. The average microplastic concentration in upstream and downstream water was 50.9 ± 24.4 particles/L and 64.1 ± 26.3 particles/L, respectively, and the sediment concentration was 2953.49 ± 1670.52 particles/kg in upstream sediment and 4014.66 ± 1717.59 particles/kg in downstream sediment. In upstream water, the most dominant morphological appearance was fragment shape, blue colour and 1-2 mm in size. The appearance of downstream water was fragments shape, red colour and 0.1-0.5 mm in size. In upstream sediment, the most dominant morphological appearance was fragment shape, red colour and < 0.1 mm in size. The appearance of downstream sediment was fibre shape, red colour and < 0.1 mm in size. Seven polymer types were discovered in water, dominated by low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and eight polymer types in sediment, dominated by polyamide (PA). The correlation between the size and shape of particles was analyzed using principal component analysis. The overall pollution load index of the Ganges River Basin to the Meghna Estuary was 1.86, higher than the other studies done in Bangladesh. Surprisingly, the nemerow pollution index (NPI), contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), polymer hazard index (PHI), and potential ecological risk (Ei)- all five ecological risk indicators had low to very high water and sediment pollution in the Ganges River Basin due to microplastic exposure. The data produced through this study will drive increasing awareness regarding microplastic pollution in the vast river ecosystem. Given the widespread presence of this pollution, it highlights the necessity for continuous national monitoring of microplastics.
本研究聚焦于恒河流域至孟加拉国梅克纳河口的水体和沉积物中微塑料的分布。在从恰普恩巴扎杰县（印度-孟加拉国边境）到昌德布尔县（梅克纳河口）的 30 个点进行了采样。通过立体显微镜和 SEM-EDX 分析识别了其形态外观。还测量了潜在的生态风险。上游和下游水中的微塑料平均浓度分别为 50.9±24.4 个/升和 64.1±26.3 个/升，上游沉积物中的浓度为 2953.49±1670.52 个/千克，下游沉积物中的浓度为 4014.66±1717.59 个/千克。在上游水中，最主要的形态外观是碎片形状、蓝色和 1-2 毫米大小。下游水中的外观是碎片形状、红色和 0.1-0.5 毫米大小。在上游沉积物中，最主要的形态外观是碎片形状、红色和<0.1 毫米大小。下游沉积物中的外观是纤维形状、红色和<0.1 毫米大小。在水中发现了 7 种聚合物类型，以低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）为主，在沉积物中发现了 8 种聚合物类型，以聚酰胺（PA）为主。利用主成分分析对颗粒的大小和形状进行了相关性分析。恒河流域向梅克纳河口的总体污染负荷指数为 1.86，高于孟加拉国其他研究。令人惊讶的是，由于微塑料的暴露，恒河流域的内梅罗污染指数（NPI）、污染系数（CF）、污染负荷指数（PLI）、聚合物危害指数（PHI）和潜在生态风险（Ei）——所有这五个生态风险指标的水和沉积物污染都处于低至高的水平。本研究产生的数据将提高人们对广阔河流生态系统中微塑料污染的认识。鉴于这种污染的广泛存在，突显了对微塑料进行持续国家监测的必要性。
Zotero 插件