Guo Yilin, Yan Shiqi, Zhang Wenling
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2023 Sep 20;34:102037. doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.102037. eCollection 2023 Dec 12.
Protein is an essential component of all living organisms and is primarily responsible for life activities; furthermore, its synthesis depends on a highly complex and accurate translation system. For proteins, the regulation at the translation level exceeds the sum of that during transcription, mRNA degradation, and protein degradation. Therefore, it is necessary to study regulation at the translation level. Imbalance in the translation process may change the cellular landscape, which not only leads to the occurrence, maintenance, progression, invasion, and metastasis of cancer but also affects the function of immune cells and changes the tumor microenvironment. Detailed analysis of transcriptional and protein atlases is needed to better understand how gene translation occurs. However, a more rigorous direct correlation between mRNA and protein levels is needed, which somewhat limits further studies. Translatomics is a technique for capturing and sequencing ribosome-related mRNAs that can effectively identify translation changes caused by ribosome stagnation and local translation abnormalities during cancer occurrence to further understand the changes in the translation landscape of cancer cells themselves and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, which can provide new strategies and directions for tumor treatment.
蛋白质是所有生物体的重要组成部分，主要负责生命活动；此外，其合成依赖于高度复杂且精确的翻译系统。对于蛋白质而言，翻译水平的调控超过了转录、mRNA降解和蛋白质降解过程中的调控之和。因此，有必要研究翻译水平的调控。翻译过程中的失衡可能会改变细胞格局，这不仅会导致癌症的发生、维持、进展、侵袭和转移，还会影响免疫细胞的功能并改变肿瘤微环境。需要对转录图谱和蛋白质图谱进行详细分析，以更好地理解基因翻译是如何发生的。然而，需要mRNA水平与蛋白质水平之间更严格的直接关联，这在一定程度上限制了进一步的研究。翻译组学是一种捕获和测序核糖体相关mRNA的技术，它可以有效识别癌症发生过程中核糖体停滞和局部翻译异常所导致的翻译变化，从而进一步了解癌细胞自身以及肿瘤微环境中免疫细胞的翻译格局变化，这可为肿瘤治疗提供新的策略和方向。
