Al-Marhabi Badriah D, Fahim Wafaa A, Katooa Nouran E, Al-Nujaydi Arwa A
Faculty of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
Nursing Administration, East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah, SAU.
Cureus. 2023 Sep 5;15(9):e44715. doi: 10.7759/cureus.44715. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Introduction Domestic violence against women is now widely recognized as a public health issue and a major human rights violation on a global scale. It is a significant risk factor for women's health problems. Pregnancy places a woman under significant physical and psychological pressure, even without additional stressors like abuse. This pressure can have a negative impact on both the mother's and the child's health. This study aims to assess the prevalence of violence among pregnant women and to determine the maternal and fetal outcomes among pregnant women exposed to violence. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 347 postpartum women to assess maternal and fetal outcomes among those who were exposed to violence during their pregnancy. A face-to-face interview was done using one tool with three parts to collect the necessary data. Part one included socio-demographic characteristics and reproductive history for participants, part two included safe and validated dates-physical violence victimization scale, and part three included maternal and fetal outcomes. Result The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of victimization occurred one to three times (28.8%), while 11.5% of victimization occurred four to nine times, and 2.6% of victimization occurred 10 times or more. Many factors play a role in violence, including family income, husband's jobs, husband smoking, being forced into marriage, a higher number of children, and parity. Additionally, it was discovered that adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes include preterm birth (PTB), early onset of labor, low birth weight (LBW), and neonatal admission to the intensive care unit. Conclusion The result indicates that violence against pregnant women is at a significant rate. Their findings show that there are several factors that may have caused this percentage. Among the factors that contributed to violence in this study were family income, smoking, husbands' work, forced marriage, the number of pregnancies, and the number of children. To reduce violence during pregnancy, it is crucial to empower women, especially those without a source of income of their own. It is also critical to educate partners and foster healthy relationships between partners.
引言 针对妇女的家庭暴力如今已被广泛视为一个公共卫生问题，也是全球范围内严重的人权侵犯行为。它是女性健康问题的一个重要风险因素。即便没有虐待等额外压力源，怀孕也会使女性承受巨大的身心压力。这种压力会对母亲和孩子的健康都产生负面影响。本研究旨在评估孕妇中暴力行为的发生率，并确定遭受暴力的孕妇的母婴结局。
材料与方法 这项横断面研究在347名产后妇女中进行，以评估孕期遭受暴力的妇女的母婴结局。使用一个包含三个部分的工具进行面对面访谈，以收集必要数据。第一部分包括参与者的社会人口学特征和生育史，第二部分包括安全且经过验证的日期 - 身体暴力受害量表，第三部分包括母婴结局。
结果 本研究结果表明，受害发生率为一至三次的占28.8%，而受害发生率为四至九次的占11.5%，受害发生率为十次或更多次的占2.6%。许多因素在暴力行为中起作用，包括家庭收入、丈夫的工作、丈夫吸烟、被迫结婚、孩子数量较多以及产次。此外，还发现不良妊娠和胎儿结局包括早产（PTB）、早产发动、低出生体重（LBW）以及新生儿入住重症监护病房。
结论 结果表明，针对孕妇的暴力行为发生率很高。他们的研究结果显示，有几个因素可能导致了这一比例。在本研究中导致暴力行为的因素包括家庭收入、吸烟、丈夫的工作、强迫婚姻、怀孕次数和孩子数量。为减少孕期暴力行为，增强妇女权能至关重要，尤其是那些没有自己收入来源的妇女。教育伴侣并促进伴侣之间的健康关系也同样关键。
