Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
Unidad Asistencial Alhama de Granada, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Granada, Spain.
Front Public Health. 2021 Aug 30;9:738459. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.738459. eCollection 2021.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects outcomes of mothers and their offspring. This systematic review collated the worldwide literature on the prevalence rates of different types of IPV in pregnancy. Two reviewers independently identified cross sectional and cohort studies of IPV prevalence in pregnancy in online databases (PubMed, WOS and Scopus), selected and extracted data [participants' country, study quality, measurement tool (validation and purpose) and rates of IPV in pregnancy]. We considered a high quality study if it had a prospective design, an adequate sampling method, a sample size estimation, a response rate > 90%, a contemporary ascertainment of IPV in the index pregnancy, and a well-developed detailed IPV tool. We performed random effects meta-analysis and explored reasons for heterogeneity of rates. One hundred fifty-five studies were included, of which 44 (28%) met two-thirds of the quality criteria. Worldwide prevalence of physical (126 studies, 220,462 participants), psychological (113 studies, 189,630 participants) and sexual (98 studies, 155,324 participants) IPV in pregnancy was 9.2% (95% CI 7.7-11.1%, I 95.9%), 18.7% (15.1-22.9%, I 98.2%), 5.5% (4.0-7.5%, I 93.4%), respectively. Where several types of IPV were reported combined, the prevalence of any kind of IPV (118 studies, 124,838 participants) was 25.0% (20.3, 30.5%, I 98.6%). IPV rates varied within and between continents, being the highest in Africa and the lowest in Europe ( < 0.001). Rates also varied according to measurement purpose, being higher for diagnosis than for screening, in physical ( = 0.022) and sexual ( = 0.014) IPV. IPV prevalence in pregnancy varies across countries, with one-quarter of mothers exposed on average globally. Routine systematic antenatal detection should be applied worldwide. identifier: CRD42020176131.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）会影响母婴的结局。本系统综述汇总了全球范围内有关妊娠期间不同类型 IPV 流行率的文献。两位审查员独立从在线数据库（PubMed、WOS 和 Scopus）中确定了关于妊娠期间 IPV 流行率的横断面和队列研究，并选择和提取了数据[参与者所在国家、研究质量、测量工具（验证和目的）和妊娠期间 IPV 的流行率]。如果研究具有前瞻性设计、适当的抽样方法、样本量估算、应答率＞90%、在指数妊娠中对 IPV 进行了现代确认以及开发了详细的 IPV 工具，则我们认为该研究具有高质量。我们进行了随机效应荟萃分析，并探讨了流行率差异的原因。共纳入 155 项研究，其中 44 项（28%）符合三分之二的质量标准。全球范围内妊娠期间躯体暴力（126 项研究，220,462 名参与者）、心理暴力（113 项研究，189,630 名参与者）和性暴力（98 项研究，155,324 名参与者）的流行率分别为 9.2%（95%CI 7.7-11.1%，I 95.9%）、18.7%（15.1-22.9%，I 98.2%）和 5.5%（4.0-7.5%，I 93.4%）。如果报告了多种类型的 IPV 联合存在，则任何类型的 IPV（118 项研究，124,838 名参与者）的流行率为 25.0%（20.3%，30.5%，I 98.6%）。IPV 流行率在各洲内和各洲间存在差异，在非洲最高，在欧洲最低（＜0.001）。流行率还根据测量目的而有所不同，在躯体暴力（=0.022）和性暴力（=0.014）中，诊断性测量的流行率高于筛查性测量。妊娠期间 IPV 的流行率在各国之间存在差异，全球平均有四分之一的母亲受到影响。全世界应普遍应用常规系统的产前检测。标识符：CRD42020176131。
