Siraj Md Tanvir, Debnath Binoy, Payel Spandan Basak, Bari A B M Mainul, Islam Abu Reza Md Towfiqul
Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2023 Sep 20;9(9):e20312. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20312. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Fire risks pose a substantial threat to the apparel manufacturing industry since they can lead to immense property damage, potential loss of life, disruption of business operations, and reputational damage. In an emerging economy like Bangladesh, fire-related hazards are crucial due to the numerous deadly industrial fire incidents in recent years. This research, thereby, proposes an integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework to identify and mitigate fire risk hazards in the apparel manufacturing industry. Initially, the study identified 30 significant fire risk factors from the literature review. Then, after expert validation, an integrated Best Worst Method (BWM) and Weighted Sum Model (WSM) framework was utilized to prioritize the fire risk factors. Twenty-three mitigation actions were proposed afterward for the top-ranked risk factors based on National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) codes. An Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) with a Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification (MICMAC) analysis was later used to explore the interrelationships and dependencies among the mitigation actions. The ranking obtained from the BWM-WSM assessment revealed 'combustible storage unseparated by fire-rated construction,' 'non-standard inspection, testing, and maintenance', and 'inadequate means of egress for the occupant load' as the three most critical fire risk factors. The ISM-MICMAC analysis revealed 'fire-rated construction' and 'standardized detection and protection' as the most-driving mitigation actions. The study outcomes are expected to aid the managers and policymakers in emerging economies in formulating sustainable fire risk management strategies for the apparel industry and thus improve the operational safety and resilience of the sector.
火灾风险对服装制造业构成了重大威胁，因为它们可能导致巨大的财产损失、潜在的生命损失、业务运营中断以及声誉损害。在孟加拉国这样的新兴经济体中，由于近年来发生了众多致命的工业火灾事故，与火灾相关的危害至关重要。因此，本研究提出了一个综合多准则决策（MCDM）框架，以识别和减轻服装制造业中的火灾风险危害。最初，该研究通过文献综述确定了30个重要的火灾风险因素。然后，经过专家验证，利用综合最佳最差方法（BWM）和加权和模型（WSM）框架对火灾风险因素进行优先级排序。随后，根据美国国家消防协会（NFPA）规范，针对排名靠前的风险因素提出了23项缓解措施。后来，运用解释性结构建模（ISM）和交叉影响矩阵乘法应用于分类（MICMAC）分析来探索缓解措施之间的相互关系和依赖性。从BWM-WSM评估中获得的排名显示，“可燃存储未用防火建筑隔开”、“非标准检查、测试和维护”以及“疏散通道不足以容纳人员负荷”是三个最关键的火灾风险因素。ISM-MICMAC分析显示，“防火建筑”和“标准化检测与防护”是最具推动作用的缓解措施。预计该研究结果将有助于新兴经济体的管理人员和政策制定者为服装行业制定可持续的火灾风险管理策略，从而提高该行业的运营安全性和恢复力。
