Lin Chung-Ying, Hou Wen-Li, Tseng Ying-Hua, Lin Mei-Ling, Griffiths Mark D
Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
Heliyon. 2023 Sep 1;9(9):e19706. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19706. eCollection 2023 Sep.
The present study aimed to develop and psychometrically test a scale by using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) comprising two types of measurement (direct and belief-based [indirect]) to assess bystander help-giving intention to victims of dating violence among youth. A two-phase, mixed-method design was adopted. The primary source of the samples was five universities, each in the northern, central, southern, eastern, and outer islands regions of Taiwan. Phase I involved developing an instrument based on the TPB (n = 10) and pilot testing (n = 220). Phase II conducted the psychometric evaluation (n = 622). The study used item analysis, explanatory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, and cross-validation to examine the psychometric properties of the Dating Violence Bystander Help-giving Intention Questionnaire (DVBHIQ) with two types of measure (direct and belief-based). Explanatory factor analysis resulted in a four-factor solution (attitude/behavioral beliefs, subjective norms/normative beliefs, perceived behavioral control/control belief, and intention) of the direct and belief-based measures of the DVBHIQ, accounting for 72.67% and 76.62% of total variance respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis and cross-validation confirmed the proposed four-factor model and demonstrated good internal consistency reliability. The two types of DVBHIQ had good validity, reliability, and measurement invariance which may help address the core cognitive determinants for bystander help-giving intention. Healthcare providers (e.g., school nurses) could use the DVBHIQ to evaluate how bystander education programs affect youth and conduct related research in the future.
本研究旨在运用计划行为理论（TPB）开发并进行心理测量学测试一个量表，该量表包含两种测量方式（直接测量和基于信念的[间接]测量），以评估青少年对约会暴力受害者的旁观者给予帮助的意图。采用了两阶段的混合方法设计。样本的主要来源是台湾北部、中部、南部、东部和外岛地区的五所大学。第一阶段包括基于TPB开发一个工具（n = 10）并进行预测试（n = 220）。第二阶段进行心理测量学评估（n = 622）。该研究使用项目分析、解释性因素分析、验证性因素分析、内部一致性和交叉验证来检验约会暴力旁观者给予帮助意图问卷（DVBHIQ）两种测量方式（直接测量和基于信念的测量）的心理测量特性。解释性因素分析得出了DVBHIQ直接测量和基于信念测量的四因素解决方案（态度/行为信念、主观规范/规范信念、感知行为控制/控制信念和意图），分别占总方差的72.67%和76.62%。验证性因素分析和交叉验证证实了所提出的四因素模型，并显示出良好的内部一致性可靠性。两种类型的DVBHIQ具有良好的效度、信度和测量不变性，这可能有助于解决旁观者给予帮助意图的核心认知决定因素。医疗保健提供者（如学校护士）可以使用DVBHIQ来评估旁观者教育项目对青少年的影响，并在未来开展相关研究。
