School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China.
Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe, China.
Microb Biotechnol. 2023 Dec;16(12):2236-2249. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.14352. Epub 2023 Oct 10.
The scientific community increasingly recognized that seed microbiomes are important for plant growth and nutrition. The versatile roles and modulating properties that microbiomes hold in the context of seeds seem to be an inherited approach to avert adverse conditions. These discoveries attracted extensive interest, especially in staple food crops (SFCs) where grain was consumed as food. Along with the rapid expansion of population and industrialization that posed a severe challenge to the yield of SFCs, microbiologists and botanists began to explore and engineer seed microbiomes, for safer and more fruitful grain production. To utilize seed microbiomes, we present an overall review of the most updated scientific literature on three representative SFCs (wheat, rice and maize) using the 5W1H (Which, Where, What, Why, When and How) method that provides a comprehensive understanding of the issue. These include which factors determine the composition of seed microbiomes? Where do seed microbiomes come from? What are these seed microbes? Why do these microbes choose seeds as their destination and when do microbes settle down and become seed communists? In addition, how do seed microbiomes work and can be manipulated effectively? Therefore, answering the aforementioned questions regarding SFCs seed microbiomes remain fundamental in bridging endophytic research gaps and harnessing their ecological services.
科学界越来越认识到，种子微生物组对于植物的生长和营养至关重要。微生物组在种子中的多功能作用和调节特性似乎是一种遗传方法，可以避免不利条件。这些发现引起了广泛的关注，特别是在作为食物的谷物被消费的主要粮食作物 (SFC) 中。随着人口和工业化的快速扩张，对 SFC 的产量构成了严峻挑战，微生物学家和植物学家开始探索和设计种子微生物组，以实现更安全、更丰收的粮食生产。为了利用种子微生物组，我们使用 5W1H（即，Which、Where、What、Why、When 和 How）方法，对三种代表性的 SFC（小麦、水稻和玉米）的最新科学文献进行了全面回顾，该方法提供了对该问题的全面理解。其中包括哪些因素决定了种子微生物组的组成？种子微生物组来自哪里？这些种子微生物是什么？为什么这些微生物选择种子作为它们的目的地，以及微生物何时定居并成为种子共生体？此外，种子微生物组如何发挥作用以及如何有效地进行操纵？因此，回答上述关于 SFC 种子微生物组的问题对于弥合内生研究差距和利用其生态服务仍然是基础性的。
