新冠疫情期间伊朗东南部地区在校学生的焦虑、自我效能感及其决定因素：一项调查研究。
Anxiety, self-efficacy, and their determinants in school students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a survey in Southeastern Iran.
机构信息
Mental Health Education and Consultation Center, Jiaozuo Normal College, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, China.
Tropical and communicable Disease Research Center, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Oct 10;23(1):737. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05252-3.
BACKGROUND
The COVID-19 pandemic has been linked to various psychological disorders, including anxiety, particularly among the general public. It is crucial to monitor the mental health of school students, who are considered a vulnerable group in society, and assess their self-efficacy, as it can significantly affect their mental health. This study aimed to investigate the levels of anxiety and self-efficacy among school students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study utilized convenience sampling to examine a sample of 335 school students from Sistan and Baluchestan province in southeastern Iran. An online questionnaire, distributed through social media platforms, was used to collect data. The questionnaire included demographic information, COVID-19 related items, the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children-MASC, and the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children-SEQ-C. Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS version 24, with a significance level set at < 0.05.
RESULTS
The study revealed a significant negative correlation between children's anxiety and self-efficacy (r = -0.23, P < 0.001). Several factors were identified as predictors of anxiety, including low self-efficacy (β = -0.29, P < 0.001), female gender (β = 0.27, P < 0.001), concern about family members contracting COVID-19 (β = 0.18, P < 0.001), persistent advice of others to adopt preventive measures (β = 0.14, P < 0.005), level of education (β = -0.12, P < 0.017), and perceived risk of COVID-19 infection (β = -0.11, P < 0.030). These variables collectively accounted for 17% of the variance in anxiety.
CONCLUSION
The findings of the study highlight the importance of addressing the mental health of school students, specifically their anxiety levels, during epidemics. The results also indicate that enhancing self-efficacy among students during a pandemic could be a beneficial strategy for promoting their mental health.
背景
COVID-19 大流行与各种心理障碍有关，包括焦虑症，尤其是在普通大众中。监测学生的心理健康至关重要，因为学生是社会中的弱势群体，评估他们的自我效能感，因为这会显著影响他们的心理健康。本研究旨在调查 COVID-19 大流行期间学生的焦虑和自我效能水平。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，采用便利抽样法，从伊朗东南部锡斯坦和俾路支省抽取了 335 名学生。通过社交媒体平台分发在线问卷收集数据。问卷包括人口统计学信息、COVID-19 相关项目、儿童多维焦虑量表-MASC 和儿童自我效能感问卷-SEQ-C。使用 IBM SPSS 版本 24 进行数据分析，显著性水平设为 < 0.05。
结果
研究显示，儿童焦虑与自我效能感呈显著负相关(r = -0.23，P < 0.001)。确定了一些因素作为焦虑的预测因素，包括自我效能感低(β = -0.29，P < 0.001)、女性性别(β = 0.27，P < 0.001)、担心家庭成员感染 COVID-19(β = 0.18，P < 0.001)、持续收到他人采取预防措施的建议(β = 0.14，P < 0.005)、教育水平(β = -0.12，P < 0.017)和感知 COVID-19 感染风险(β = -0.11，P < 0.030)。这些变量共同解释了焦虑的 17%。
结论
研究结果强调了在疫情期间关注学生心理健康，特别是他们的焦虑水平的重要性。结果还表明，在大流行期间增强学生的自我效能感可能是促进他们心理健康的有益策略。
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