Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultura University, Daqing 163319, China.
Curr Drug Deliv. 2024;21(8):1050-1061. doi: 10.2174/0115672018255493230922101434.
Immunomodulatory mechanisms are indispensable and key factors in maintaining the balance of the environment in humans. When the immune function of the immune system is impaired, autoimmune diseases occur. Excessive body fatigue, natural aging of the human body, malnutrition, genetic factors and other reasons cause low immune function, due to which the body is prone to being infected by bacteria or cancer. Clinically, the existing therapeutic drugs still have problems such as high toxicity, long treatment cycle, drug resistance and high price, so we still need to explore and develop a high efficiency and low toxicity drug. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) refers to a nontoxic polymer compound that exhibits excellent biocompatibility. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomers come from natural plants, and have the characteristics of high efficiency and low toxicity. Applying PLGA to TCM monomers can make up for the defects of traditional dosage forms, improve bioavailability, reduce the frequency and dosage of drug use, and reduce toxicity and side effects, thus having the characteristics of sustained release and targeting. Accordingly, PLGA nanoparticles loaded with TCM monomers have been the focus of development. The previous research on drug loading advantages, preparation methods, and immune regulation of TCM PLGA nanoparticles is summarized in the following sections.
免疫调节机制在维持人体环境平衡方面不可或缺且至关重要。当免疫系统的免疫功能受损时，就会发生自身免疫性疾病。过度的身体疲劳、人体自然衰老、营养不良、遗传因素等原因导致免疫功能低下，使身体容易受到细菌或癌症的感染。临床上，现有的治疗药物仍然存在毒性高、治疗周期长、耐药性和价格高等问题，因此我们仍需探索和开发高效低毒的药物。聚（乳酸-共-乙醇酸）（PLGA）是一种无毒的聚合物化合物，具有优异的生物相容性。中药单体来源于天然植物，具有高效低毒的特点。将 PLGA 应用于中药单体可以弥补传统剂型的缺陷，提高生物利用度，减少药物使用的频率和剂量，降低毒性和副作用，从而具有缓释和靶向的特点。因此，载有中药单体的 PLGA 纳米粒一直是开发的重点。以下部分总结了中药 PLGA 纳米粒的载药优势、制备方法和免疫调节作用的研究进展。
