Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Chronobiol Int. 2023 Oct 3;40(10):1435-1443. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2267677. Epub 2023 Nov 3.
This study aimed to investigate the relationships between chronotype and addiction-like eating behavior, mindful eating and ultra-processed food consumption among undergraduate students. Specific and validated scales were used in order to evaluate chronotype, addiction-like eating behavior and mindful eating ( = 605). Dietary intake was determined by food frequency questionnaire and percentage energy from ultra-processed food was calculated. Self-reported weights and heights were obtained from the participants. Mean scores of scales, social jetlag, energy intake, ultra-processed food intake and BMI were compared by chronotypes. Associations between chronotype, addiction-like eating behavior, mindful eating, ultra-processed food consumption and BMI were determined by Pearson's test. The relationships between chronotype and addiction-like eating behavior, mindful eating and ultra-processed food intake were assessed by linear regression models and adjusted for sex, BMI, energy intake, season, smoking and alcohol consumption. Evening-type participants had higher scores of social jetlag (2.01 ± 0.09), appetitive drive (26.02 ± 0.63), low dietary control (20.50 ± 0.41), addiction-like eating behavior (46.52 ± 0.85), lower scores of recognition (21.91 ± 0.43) and higher percentage energy from ultra-processed food (32.24 ± 1.26%). Chronotype score showed negative associations with addiction like eating behavior (β=-0.247, < 0.001) and ultra-processed food consumption (β=-0.247, < 0.001), and a positive association with recognition (β = 0.124, < 0.001). Results suggest that chronotype is inversely associated with addiction-like eating behavior and ultra-processed food consumption, and positively associated with mindful eating among undergraduate students.
本研究旨在探讨大学生的睡眠时型与类似成瘾的进食行为、正念饮食和超加工食品消费之间的关系。使用特定的和经过验证的量表来评估睡眠时型、类似成瘾的进食行为和正念饮食（ = 605）。通过食物频率问卷确定饮食摄入，计算超加工食品的能量百分比。参与者报告了他们的体重和身高。根据睡眠时型比较了量表的平均得分、社交时差、能量摄入、超加工食品摄入和 BMI。通过 Pearson 检验确定了睡眠时型、类似成瘾的进食行为、正念饮食、超加工食品消费与 BMI 之间的相关性。通过线性回归模型评估了睡眠时型与类似成瘾的进食行为、正念饮食和超加工食品摄入之间的关系，并调整了性别、BMI、能量摄入、季节、吸烟和饮酒。夜猫子型参与者的社交时差（2.01 ± 0.09）、食欲驱动（26.02 ± 0.63）、低饮食控制（20.50 ± 0.41）、类似成瘾的进食行为（46.52 ± 0.85）得分较高，认知得分（21.91 ± 0.43）较低，超加工食品的能量百分比较高（32.24 ± 1.26%）。睡眠时型评分与类似成瘾的进食行为（β=-0.247， < 0.001）和超加工食品消费（β=-0.247， < 0.001）呈负相关，与认知呈正相关（β = 0.124， < 0.001）。结果表明，在大学生中，睡眠时型与类似成瘾的进食行为和超加工食品消费呈负相关，与正念饮食呈正相关。
