Camphausen R T, Jones R L, Brennan P J
J Bacteriol. 1986 Nov;168(2):660-7. doi: 10.1128/jb.168.2.660-667.1986.
The type-specific antigen of Mycobacterium avium serotype 2, the most ubiquitous of serotypes within the M. avium complex and a major cause of disseminated and localized infections, was isolated and purified. It is of the glycopeptidolipid (mycoside C) class with a characteristic oligosaccharide hapten. This was released as the oligosaccharide alditol by base-catalyzed reductive beta-elimination, and the structure was established by a combination of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, methylation analysis, fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, and 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance as 2,3-di-O-methyl-L-fucopyranosyl-(alpha 1----3)-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(alpha 1----2)- 6-deoxytalitol. A feature of the work was the elucidation of the absolute (enantiomeric) configuration of the sugars. This same structure, in much less detail, was previously reported as the species-specific hapten of strains of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. Thus, the work raises the intriguing possibility that some M. avium serotypes are synonymous, at least in outer cell wall anatomy, with the agent(s) of paratuberculosis (Johne's disease), an insidious disease of vast proportions in ruminants. In addition, recognition of a specific determinant will allow a precise study of the epidemiology of M. avium infections in humans and animals.
鸟分枝杆菌血清型2的型特异性抗原被分离和纯化，该血清型是鸟分枝杆菌复合群中最普遍存在的血清型，也是播散性和局限性感染的主要原因。它属于糖肽脂（霉菌糖苷C）类，带有特征性的寡糖半抗原。通过碱催化的还原β-消除反应，该半抗原以寡糖糖醇的形式释放出来，其结构通过气相色谱-质谱联用、甲基化分析、快原子轰击质谱以及13C和1H核磁共振确定为2,3-二-O-甲基-L-呋喃岩藻糖基-(α1→3)-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(α1→2)-6-脱氧塔洛糖醇。这项工作的一个特点是阐明了糖类的绝对（对映体）构型。此前曾有报道称，副结核分枝杆菌菌株的种特异性半抗原具有相同的结构，但细节较少。因此，这项工作提出了一个有趣的可能性，即至少在细胞外壁结构方面，一些鸟分枝杆菌血清型与副结核病（约内氏病）的病原体同义，副结核病是反刍动物中一种危害极大的隐匿性疾病。此外，识别特定的决定簇将有助于对人和动物鸟分枝杆菌感染的流行病学进行精确研究。
