Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Ac. Lavrent'ev Ave, 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation.
Central Research Laboratory, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovsky Trakt, 2, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation.
Parasitol Res. 2023 Dec;122(12):3109-3119. doi: 10.1007/s00436-023-08001-3. Epub 2023 Oct 13.
Opisthorchis felineus is a food-borne trematode which causes opisthorchiosis and affects mainly the liver and bile ducts of the liver with a possible risk of bile duct carcinogenesis resulting in cholangiocarcinoma. In Russia, O. felineus is mainly endemic in Western Siberia (Ob and Irtysh river basins) and occurs throughout the Volga, Kama, Don, and Dnepr river basins. The prevalence, intensity, and clinical significance of human infections and the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma vary geographically in endemic regions. Currently, there is substantial evidence on genetic variation of O. felineus, but information on the population genetic structure is so far very scarce. Because microsatellite DNA of this parasite is not available, we for the first time isolated sufficient microsatellite loci to examine the genetic diversity and population structure of O. felineus, using multiple nuclear loci approach. A total of ten highly polymorphic microsatellite loci from a constructed enriched genomic DNA library were characterized, using 29 samples representing huge O. felineus metapopulation extended in latitude over 5000 km from Middle Europe to Western Siberia. At least three populations can be discerned as result of analysis of the microsatellite loci genetic diversity. Based on the results for the first time, a hypothesis was put forward about the formation of a modern habitat of O. felineus.
肝片形吸虫是一种食源性吸虫，可引起肝片形吸虫病，主要影响肝脏的肝脏和胆管，并有胆管癌发生的潜在风险，导致胆管癌。在俄罗斯，肝片形吸虫主要流行于西西伯利亚（额尔齐斯河和鄂毕河流域），并分布于伏尔加河、卡马河、顿河和第聂伯河流域。在流行地区，人类感染的流行率、强度和临床意义以及胆管癌的发病率在地理上有所不同。目前，有大量关于肝片形吸虫遗传变异的证据，但关于种群遗传结构的信息迄今为止非常稀缺。由于这种寄生虫的微卫星 DNA 不可用，我们首次使用多个核基因座方法分离了足够的微卫星基因座来检测肝片形吸虫的遗传多样性和种群结构。使用代表从中欧到西西伯利亚跨越 5000 公里的巨大肝片形吸虫元种群的 29 个样本，从构建的富集基因组 DNA 文库中表征了十个高度多态性的微卫星基因座。基于微卫星基因座遗传多样性分析，可以识别出至少三个种群。根据结果，首次提出了关于肝片形吸虫现代栖息地形成的假说。
