本地治里选定初级卫生中心接受治疗患者的高血压控制状况：队列分析方法
Hypertension Control Status Among Patients Receiving Treatment From Selected Primary Health Centres in Puducherry: A Cohort-Analysis Approach.
作者信息
Arora Aanchal, Gola Anurag, Loganathan Vignesh, Lakshminarayanan Subitha, Kar Sitanshu Sekhar
机构信息
Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, IND.
出版信息
Cureus. 2023 Sep 11;15(9):e45042. doi: 10.7759/cureus.45042. eCollection 2023 Sep.
BACKGROUND
High blood pressure (hypertension) is a major risk factor contributing to 60% of premature deaths caused by non-communicable diseases. In India, a mere 15% of the hypertensive population achieves optimal blood pressure control. Effective monitoring of hypertension is crucial for mitigating the morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular diseases.
OBJECTIVE
This study employed a cohort analysis approach to determine the control status of hypertension and identify factors associated with hypertension among individuals seeking care at selected primary health centres (PHCs) in Puducherry from January 2019 to December 2022.
METHODOLOGY
We assessed treatment records of 1127 patients with hypertension registered at PHCs in both urban and rural areas between 2019 and 2022. Information on socio-demographic details and blood pressure readings was collected to assess the control status of hypertension on a quarterly and six-monthly basis. Additionally, 436 patients were interviewed to identify factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension.
RESULTS
Control rates of hypertension varied among PHCs on a quarterly and six-monthly basis. The rural PHC achieved the highest quarterly control rate of 80% in Q4 2020, while the urban PHC had the lowest rate of 44% in Q1 2020. Similarly, the highest six-monthly control rate of 78% was observed in Q3 2019 at both rural and urban PHCs, with the lowest rate of 44% in Q1 2020 at the urban PHC. Conclusion: Analysing data obtained from regular monitoring of hypertension control status allows healthcare providers to identify patterns, trends, and correlations. It assists providers in making informed decisions regarding treatment adjustments, medication choices, lifestyle recommendations, and policy changes. This approach is expected to improve control status for hypertension, leading to the ultimate goal of better health outcomes for patients.
背景
高血压是导致60%非传染性疾病过早死亡的主要风险因素。在印度，仅有15%的高血压患者实现了最佳血压控制。有效监测高血压对于降低心血管疾病相关的发病率和死亡率至关重要。
目的
本研究采用队列分析方法，以确定2019年1月至2022年12月在本地治里选定的初级卫生保健中心（PHC）寻求治疗的个体中高血压的控制状况，并识别与高血压相关的因素。
方法
我们评估了2019年至2022年期间在城乡初级卫生保健中心登记的1127例高血压患者的治疗记录。收集社会人口学详细信息和血压读数，以每季度和每六个月评估一次高血压的控制状况。此外，对436名患者进行了访谈，以确定与未控制高血压相关的因素。
结果
各初级卫生保健中心的高血压控制率在季度和半年期间有所不同。农村初级卫生保健中心在2020年第四季度实现了最高季度控制率80%，而城市初级卫生保健中心在2020年第一季度控制率最低，为44%。同样，2019年第三季度城乡初级卫生保健中心的最高半年控制率均为78%，城市初级卫生保健中心在2020年第一季度的最低控制率为44%。
结论
分析从定期监测高血压控制状况获得的数据，有助于医疗保健提供者识别模式、趋势和相关性。它有助于提供者在治疗调整、药物选择、生活方式建议和政策变化方面做出明智决策。这种方法有望改善高血压的控制状况，实现改善患者健康结局的最终目标。
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