AlOtaibi Mansour N, Basfar Abdullah S, Jawhari Amjad M, Alzahrani Essam S, Althomali Mohammed A, Alhindi Adnan E, Alam Samir S, Al Aboud Daifallah M, Abdel-Moneim Ahmed S
College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU.
Department of Histopathology and Cytology, King AbdulAziz Specialist Hospital, Taif, SAU.
Cureus. 2023 Sep 11;15(9):e45052. doi: 10.7759/cureus.45052. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Introduction Skin cancers are classified into melanoma and non-melanoma or keratinocyte cancers. No recent data are found about the epidemiology of skin cancers in Saudi Arabia. The current study aims to determine the burden of skin cancer in the last 11 years from 2011 to 2022. Methods Patients who were diagnosed with any type of skin cancer were enrolled in the study. The diagnosis was conducted based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Different variables like age, type of cancer, type of lesions, and treatment approach used were measured. Results A total of 91 patients were diagnosed with skin cancers during the study period. The head and neck were the most common sites for skin cancers. Only 4/91 cases reported invasive melanoma. Both squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (34/91) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (28/91) were found to be the most reported skin cancers. Other cancers including mycosis fungoides (MF) (10/91), Kaposi's sarcoma (6/91), and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) (5/91) were also detected. The rest of the detected tumors were rarely detected. Aggressive CD4+/CD4+/CD8+ MF was more prevalent than CD3+/CD4+/CD8- MF cancer cases. CD34+ /S100- DFSP cancers were evident in most of the DFSP cases. Human herpes virus 8 was detected in all Kaposi's sarcoma cases and all of them were HIV-confirmed cases. Surgical treatment was the most frequently used approach to treat skin cancers, followed by phototherapy (9.9%), surgical/radiotherapy (5.5%), surgical/chemotherapy (4.4%), chemotherapy (3.3%), and then chemoradiotherapy immunotherapy (1.1%). Conclusion The incidences of SCC and BCC are relatively high in comparison to other types of skin cancers with the surgical intervention being most frequently used.
引言 皮肤癌分为黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤或角质形成细胞癌。目前尚未找到沙特阿拉伯皮肤癌流行病学的最新数据。本研究旨在确定2011年至2022年这11年间皮肤癌的负担情况。方法 纳入被诊断患有任何类型皮肤癌的患者。诊断基于组织病理学和免疫组织化学。测量了年龄、癌症类型、病变类型和所采用的治疗方法等不同变量。结果 在研究期间，共有91例患者被诊断患有皮肤癌。头颈部是皮肤癌最常见的部位。仅4/91例报告为侵袭性黑色素瘤。鳞状细胞癌（SCC）（34/91）和基底细胞癌（BCC）（28/91）被发现是报告最多的皮肤癌。还检测到其他癌症，包括蕈样肉芽肿（MF）（10/91）、卡波西肉瘤（6/91）和隆突性皮肤纤维肉瘤（DFSP）（5/91）。其余检测到的肿瘤很少见。侵袭性CD4+/CD4+/CD8+ MF比CD3+/CD4+/CD8- MF癌症病例更普遍。大多数DFSP病例中可见CD34+ /S100- DFSP癌症。在所有卡波西肉瘤病例中均检测到人类疱疹病毒8，且所有病例均为HIV确诊病例。手术治疗是治疗皮肤癌最常用的方法，其次是光疗（9.9%）、手术/放疗（5.5%）、手术/化疗（4.4%）、化疗（3.3%），然后是放化疗免疫疗法（1.1%）。结论 与其他类型的皮肤癌相比，SCC和BCC的发病率相对较高，手术干预是最常用的治疗方法。
