[Efficacy evaluation of transaxillary non-inflatable endoscopic surgery and open neck surgery in the treatment of PTC: a single center report of 342 cases].

To compare the clinical effect of transaxillary non-inflatable endoscopic surgery and traditional open thyroid surgery in the treatment of PTC. A retrospective analysis was performed on 342 patients with PTC treated in the Otorhinolaryngology Department of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from December 2020 to December 2022. There were 73 males and 269 females, aged 16-72 years, who underwent unilateral non-inflatable transaxillary endoscopic thyroid surgery（endoscopic group） and unilateral traditional open thyroid surgery（open group）. There were 108 patients in the endoscopic group and 234 in the open group. The endoscopic group was lower in age（37.1±9.4 vs 43.5±11.2） years and BMI（23.4±3.4 vs 25.7±3.8 ）kg/m² than that in the open group, and the difference was statistically significant（ was 5.53, 5.67 respectively, <0.01）. There was no significant difference in hospitalization days between the two groups（>0.05）. The logarithmic curve of the operation time showed a smooth downward trend, and the overall operation time of the endoscopic group was relatively consistent. There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss between the endoscopic group（13.3±3.2） mL and the open group（14.7±6.3） mL（>0.05）, but the operation time（130.1±37.9） min was longer than that in the open group（57.4±13.7） min, and the difference was statistically significant（=19.40, <0.01）. There was no significant difference in complications such as temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve injury within 3 days after operation between the two groups（>0.05）. The aesthetic satisfaction score of the surgical incision and the incision concealment effect score in the endoscopic group were higher than those in the open group, and the difference was statistically significant（<0.05）. Compared with traditional open thyroidectomy, transaxillary non-inflatable endoscopic thyroidectomy has more advantages in the concealment and aesthetics of postoperative incision. Although the former has longer operation time and more drainage, it is still a safe and feasible surgical method with good postoperative clinical effect.