California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA.
Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2024 Mar 26;229(Supplement_2):S203-S206. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad448.
In California, the 2022 mpox outbreak cumulated 5572 cases, 20% of US cases, as of November 28, 2022; 0.3% of cases were among children <16 years old. The secondary attack rate (SAR) for children sharing households with infected adults is unknown.
A line list of pediatric mpox household contacts aged <16 years reported through August 31, 2022 was created. It included demographic and clinical information on the contacts. Pediatric contact lists were crossmatched with the state vaccination database to identify those who received postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) with the JYNNEOS vaccine.
We identified 129 pediatric household contacts with median age of 7 years (range, 0-15 years). Among 18 symptomatic contacts, 12 (66.7%) underwent mpox testing; 5 (41.2%) were confirmed cases, 6 (50%) were negative, and 1 (0.8%) had an indeterminate result. Six symptomatic children were not tested for mpox (33.3%). Overall, 6 infected contacts were identified, resulting in a SAR of 4.7% (6 of 129). The majority of pediatric household contacts and 4 of 6 infected children identified as Hispanic/Latino. Only 18 children (14%) reported receiving PEP.
The SAR was overall low among pediatric household contacts; none had severe disease. This may be underestimated given low testing rates.
截至 2022 年 11 月 28 日，加利福尼亚州 2022 年猴痘疫情累计报告 5572 例，占美国病例的 20%；0.3%的病例发生在 16 岁以下儿童中。与感染成年人同住家庭的儿童的继发感染率（SAR）尚不清楚。
创建了截至 2022 年 8 月 31 日报告的儿科猴痘家庭接触者的名单，包括接触者的人口统计学和临床信息。将儿科接触者名单与州疫苗接种数据库进行交叉匹配，以确定那些接受 JYNNEOS 疫苗暴露后预防（PEP）的人。
我们确定了 129 名年龄在 16 岁以下的儿科家庭接触者，中位数年龄为 7 岁（范围，0-15 岁）。在 18 名有症状的接触者中，有 12 人（66.7%）接受了猴痘检测；5 人（41.2%）为确诊病例，6 人（50%）为阴性，1 人（0.8%）结果不确定。6 名有症状的儿童未接受猴痘检测（33.3%）。总体而言，确定了 6 名感染接触者，SAR 为 4.7%（129 人中 6 人）。大多数儿科家庭接触者和 6 名感染儿童中，有 4 人是西班牙裔/拉丁裔。只有 18 名儿童（14%）报告接受了 PEP。
儿科家庭接触者的 SAR 总体较低；没有严重疾病。鉴于检测率较低，这可能被低估了。
