Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WA, USA.
J Psychosom Res. 2023 Dec;175:111500. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111500. Epub 2023 Sep 28.
This systematic review sought to summarize comprehensively the research investigating the association between facets of neuroticism and mortality risk.
A systematic review of prospective cohort studies utilizing rigorous reporting methods was conducted. Six electronic bibliographic databases, MEDLINE [Ovid], Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and SCOPUS, were searched for eligible studies using keywords encompassing personality traits and mortality. Articles from inception to January 2023 were reviewed. The risk of bias was also assessed.
Six of the 2358 identified studies met the inclusion criteria for extraction. Included studies had 335,715 participants, of whom 3.23% died. Participants ages at baseline ranged from 20 to 102, and 54% were female. Five of the six studies reported statistically significant associations between facets of neuroticism and mortality risk. Several underlying facets were reported to be associated with an increased mortality risk, namely vulnerability, cynicism, pessimistic, anxious, and depressive facets. Inadequacy, and worried-vulnerable were reported as protective. One study reported protective effects for impulsiveness, but this was not observed in a further follow-up study.
Various facets related to neuroticism are associated with an increased or decreased mortality risk. Encompassing all facets in a broad trait likely masks very important personality-health relations, which later impact longevity. Based on these findings, recommendations and future considerations are discussed.
本系统综述旨在全面总结神经质性特质各方面与死亡风险之间关联的研究。
采用严格报告方法对前瞻性队列研究进行系统综述。使用包含人格特质和死亡率的关键词，在六个电子文献数据库（Ovid 版 MEDLINE、Embase、PsycINFO、CINAHL、Web of Science 和 SCOPUS）中搜索符合条件的研究。对截至 2023 年 1 月的文章进行综述。还评估了偏倚风险。
在 2358 项已确定的研究中，有 6 项符合提取标准。纳入的研究共有 335715 名参与者，其中 3.23%死亡。参与者的基线年龄范围从 20 岁到 102 岁，其中 54%为女性。六项研究中有五项报告了神经质性特质各方面与死亡风险之间存在统计学显著关联。报告了几个潜在的特质与较高的死亡风险相关，即脆弱性、犬儒主义、悲观主义、焦虑和抑郁特质。不称职和忧虑脆弱被报告为保护性的。一项研究报告冲动性具有保护作用，但在进一步的随访研究中未观察到这种作用。
与神经质性相关的各种特质与增加或降低的死亡风险相关。在广泛的特质中包含所有特质可能掩盖了非常重要的人格与健康关系，这些关系会对寿命产生影响。基于这些发现，讨论了建议和未来的考虑。
