Pratelli Giovanni, Tamburini Bartolo, Carlisi Daniela, De Blasio Anna, D'Anneo Antonella, Emanuele Sonia, Notaro Antonietta, Affranchi Federica, Giuliano Michela, Seidita Aurelio, Lauricella Marianna, Di Liberto Diana
Department of Physics and Chemistry (DiFC) Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 27;24(19):14619. doi: 10.3390/ijms241914619.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract (GT) caused by a wide range of genetic, microbial, and environmental factors. IBD is characterized by chronic inflammation and decreased gut microbial diversity, dysbiosis, with a lower number of beneficial bacteria and a concomitant increase in pathogenic species. It is well known that dysbiosis is closely related to the induction of inflammation and oxidative stress, the latter caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cellular antioxidant capacity, leading to cellular ROS accumulation. ROS are responsible for intestinal epithelium oxidative damage and the increased intestinal permeability found in IBD patients, and their reduction could represent a potential therapeutic strategy to limit IBD progression and alleviate its symptoms. Recent evidence has highlighted that dietary polyphenols, the natural antioxidants, can maintain redox equilibrium in the GT, preventing gut dysbiosis, intestinal epithelium damage, and radical inflammatory responses. Here, we suggest that the relatively new foodomics approaches, together with new technologies for promoting the antioxidative properties of dietary polyphenols, including novel delivery systems, chemical modifications, and combination strategies, may provide critical insights to determine the clinical value of polyphenols for IBD therapy and a comprehensive perspective for implementing natural antioxidants as potential IBD candidate treatment.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种慢性进行性炎症性疾病，由多种遗传、微生物和环境因素引起，影响胃肠道（GT）。IBD的特征是慢性炎症和肠道微生物多样性降低、生态失调，有益菌数量减少，致病菌种数量相应增加。众所周知，生态失调与炎症和氧化应激的诱导密切相关，氧化应激是由活性氧（ROS）产生与细胞抗氧化能力之间的失衡引起的，导致细胞内ROS积累。ROS是IBD患者肠道上皮氧化损伤和肠道通透性增加的原因，减少ROS可能是限制IBD进展和缓解其症状的潜在治疗策略。最近的证据表明，作为天然抗氧化剂的膳食多酚可以维持胃肠道的氧化还原平衡，预防肠道生态失调、肠道上皮损伤和剧烈的炎症反应。在此，我们认为，相对较新的食品组学方法，以及促进膳食多酚抗氧化特性的新技术，包括新型递送系统、化学修饰和联合策略，可能为确定多酚在IBD治疗中的临床价值提供关键见解，并为将天然抗氧化剂作为IBD潜在候选治疗方法提供全面的视角。
