Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 27;24(19):14618. doi: 10.3390/ijms241914618.
Chronic stress is known to perturb serotonergic regulation in the brain, leading to mood, learning and memory impairments and increasing the risk of developing mood disorders. The influence of the gut microbiota on serotonergic regulation in the brain has received increased attention recently, justifying the investigation of the role of diet on the gut and the brain in mood disorders. Here, using a 4-week chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model in mice, we aimed to investigate the effects of a high-fat high-glycaemic index (HFD) and high-fibre fruit & vegetable "superfood" (SUP) modifications of a semi-pure AIN93M diet on behaviour, serotonin synthesis and metabolism pathway regulation in the brain and the gut, as well as the gut microbiota and the peripheral adrenal medullary system. CUMS induced anxiety-like behaviour, dysregulated the tryptophan and serotonin metabolic pathways in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and colon, and altered the composition of the gut microbiota. CUMS reduced the catecholamine synthetic capacity of the adrenal glands. Differential effects were found in these parameters in the HFD and SUP diet. Thus, dietary modifications may profoundly affect the multiple dynamic systems involved in mood disorders.
慢性应激会扰乱大脑中的 5-羟色胺调节，导致情绪、学习和记忆障碍，并增加患情绪障碍的风险。最近，肠道微生物群对大脑中 5-羟色胺调节的影响受到了更多关注，这证明了饮食对肠道和大脑在情绪障碍中的作用的研究是合理的。在这里，我们使用了为期 4 周的慢性不可预测轻度应激（CUMS）小鼠模型，旨在研究高脂肪高血糖指数（HFD）和高纤维水果和蔬菜“超级食物”（SUP）对半纯AIN93M 饮食的修改对大脑和肠道中的行为、5-羟色胺合成和代谢途径调节、肠道微生物群以及外周肾上腺髓质系统的影响。CUMS 诱导了类似焦虑的行为，扰乱了海马体、前额叶皮层和结肠中色氨酸和 5-羟色胺的代谢途径，并改变了肠道微生物群的组成。CUMS 降低了肾上腺的儿茶酚胺合成能力。在 HFD 和 SUP 饮食中发现了这些参数的差异影响。因此，饮食的改变可能会深刻影响多种与情绪障碍相关的动态系统。
