Hull J G, Young R D, Jouriles E
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986 Oct;51(4):790-6. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.51.4.790.
We conducted two studies to test the applicability of a recently proposed self-awareness model of alcohol consumption to patterns of alcohol use outside of the laboratory. In both studies, we predicted that alcohol use would be a joint function of private self-consciousness and personal success or failure. High self-conscious individuals were predicted to drink following personal failure and avoid drinking following personal success in an attempt to control their sensitivity to the self-relevant implications of such events. Consumption by low self-conscious individuals was predicted to be relatively independent of self-relevant events. These predictions were supported in a longitudinal study of relapse following alcoholic detoxification. They were then replicated in a study of adolescent alcohol use and shown to be relatively independent of other significant environmental and behavioral predictors of consumption. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for theories of self-awareness and alcohol use.
我们进行了两项研究，以测试最近提出的酒精消费自我意识模型在实验室之外的酒精使用模式中的适用性。在这两项研究中，我们预测酒精使用将是私人自我意识和个人成败的共同作用。预计高自我意识的个体在个人失败后会饮酒，而在个人成功后会避免饮酒，以试图控制他们对这类事件与自我相关影响的敏感度。预计低自我意识个体的消费相对独立于与自我相关的事件。这些预测在一项关于酒精戒断后复发的纵向研究中得到了支持。然后，它们在一项关于青少年酒精使用的研究中得到了重复验证，并表明相对独立于其他重要的环境和行为消费预测因素。我们将根据研究结果对自我意识和酒精使用理论的影响进行讨论。
