Nayak Pallavi, Bentivoglio Valeria, Varani Michela, Signore Alberto
Nuclear Medicine Unit, University Hospital Sant'Andrea, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00189 Roma, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Oct 4;15(19):4846. doi: 10.3390/cancers15194846.
Advanced tissue engineering processes and regenerative medicine provide modern strategies for fabricating 3D spheroids. Several different 3D cancer models are being developed to study a variety of cancers. Three-dimensional spheroids can correctly replicate some features of solid tumors (such as the secretion of soluble mediators, drug resistance mechanisms, gene expression patterns and physiological responses) better than 2D cell cultures or animal models. Tumor spheroids are also helpful for precisely reproducing the three-dimensional organization and microenvironmental factors of tumors. Because of these unique properties, the potential of 3D cell aggregates has been emphasized, and they have been utilized in in vitro models for the detection of novel anticancer drugs. This review discusses applications of 3D spheroid models in nuclear medicine for diagnosis and therapy, immunotherapy, and stem cell and photodynamic therapy and also discusses the establishment of the anticancer activity of nanocarriers.
先进的组织工程方法和再生医学为制造3D球体提供了现代策略。目前正在开发几种不同的3D癌症模型来研究多种癌症。与二维细胞培养或动物模型相比，三维球体能够更好地正确复制实体瘤的一些特征（如可溶性介质的分泌、耐药机制、基因表达模式和生理反应）。肿瘤球体还有助于精确再现肿瘤的三维组织结构和微环境因素。由于这些独特的特性，3D细胞聚集体的潜力得到了重视，并已被用于体外新型抗癌药物检测模型。本文综述了3D球体模型在核医学诊断与治疗、免疫治疗、干细胞及光动力治疗中的应用，还讨论了纳米载体抗癌活性的建立。
