Acuña-Ramírez Sarai, Jiménez-Badillo María de Lourdes, Galindo-Cortes Gabriela, Marval-Rodríguez Angel, Castañeda-Chávez María Del Refugio, Reyes-Velázquez Christian, Rodulfo-Carvajal Hectorina, De Donato-Capote Marcos
Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Pesquerías, Universidad Veracruzana, Hidalgo 617, Boca del Río 94290, Mexico.
Instituto Tecnológico de Boca del Río, Tecnológico de México, Carretera Veracruz-Córdova, km 12, Boca del Río 94290, Mexico.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Sep 28;13(19):3049. doi: 10.3390/ani13193049.
Coliforms are relatively common in aquatic environments, but their concentrations can be increased by environmental changes and anthropogenic activities, thus impacting fisheries resources. To determine the microbiological quality in the octopus production chain (capture, post-capture, processing and commercialization), total (TC) and fecal (FC) coliforms were quantified in sea water, fresh octopus, fresh water, ice and octopus in two presentations: packed in ice and boiled. Samples came from fishing zones Enmedio, Chopa and La Gallega at the Veracruz Reef System (VRS) during dry, rainy and windy seasons. The coliforms were determined using the most probable number technique (MPN). The most relevant results indicated that octopus packed in ice coming from the commercialization stage had FC levels >540 MPN/100 g, which exceeded the permissible limits (230 MPN/100 g). Therefore, these products present a risk for human consumption. Differences in FC were observed in octopuses between the three fishing zones (H = 8.697; = 0.0129) and among the three climatic seasons, increasing during the rainy season, highlighting La Gallega with 203.33 ± 63 MPN (H = 7.200; = 0.0273). The results provide evidence of the environmental and anthropogenic influences on coliform concentrations and the urgent need to implement an efficient cold chain throughout octopus production stages with adequate handling practices to reverse this situation.
大肠菌群在水生环境中相对常见，但其浓度会因环境变化和人为活动而增加，从而影响渔业资源。为了确定章鱼生产链（捕捞、捕捞后、加工和商业化）中的微生物质量，对海水、新鲜章鱼、淡水、冰以及两种形式的章鱼（冰鲜包装和煮熟）中的总大肠菌群（TC）和粪大肠菌群（FC）进行了定量分析。样本来自韦拉克鲁斯礁系统（VRS）的Enmedio、Chopa和La Gallega捕捞区，采集时间为旱季、雨季和有风季节。使用最大可能数技术（MPN）测定大肠菌群。最相关的结果表明，来自商业化阶段的冰鲜包装章鱼的FC水平>540 MPN/100 g，超过了允许限值（230 MPN/100 g）。因此，这些产品存在人类食用风险。在三个捕捞区的章鱼之间观察到FC存在差异（H = 8.697；P = 0.0129），并且在三个气候季节之间也存在差异，在雨季增加，以La Gallega捕捞区最为突出，为203.33 ± 63 MPN（H = 7.200；P = 0.0273）。结果提供了环境和人为因素对大肠菌群浓度影响的证据，以及在章鱼生产的各个阶段实施高效冷链并采取适当处理措施以扭转这种情况的迫切需求。
