Truant Alessandro, Giacometti Federica, Hernández Jorge, Espinoza Viviana, Farías Ana, Uriarte Iker, Godoy Cecilia, Miotti Scapin Riccardo, Alberghini Leonardo, Catellani Paolo, Giaccone Valerio
Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy.
Hatchery of Marine Invertebrates, Institute of Aquaculture and Environment, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile.
Animals (Basel). 2025 May 19;15(10):1464. doi: 10.3390/ani15101464.
Artisanal fisheries in southern Chile rely heavily on the Patagonian red octopus () as a valuable resource, contributing significantly to local economies. This octopus species accounts for 25-40% of Chilean octopus landings. It is a merobenthic species, characterized by a semelparous life cycle and a long brooding period, and it is distributed along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of the southern tip of South America, inhabiting holes and crevices in rocky substrates. However, this fishery faces critical challenges to both its ecological sustainability and the food safety of octopus products. The primary fishing method, using hooks, poses a risk to reproductive capacity as it can capture brooding females. Food safety concerns arise from microbial contamination during pre- and post-harvest handling, bioaccumulation of toxins from algal blooms, and the presence of heavy metals in the marine environment. While evisceration effectively reduces the risk of consuming toxins and heavy metals, inadequate hygiene practices and insufficient ice usage throughout the production chain represent significant food safety risks. Chilean fishing Law No. 18892/1989 defines artisanal fishing and establishes territorial use rights in fisheries (TURFs) to promote sustainable extraction of benthic resources. Integrating training programs on post-harvest handling, hygiene practices, and food safety measures into the TURFs framework, along with targeted investments in infrastructure and technical assistance, is crucial to ensure the long-term sustainability of the fishery, protect consumer health, and maintain the economic viability and environmental sustainability of this vital resource for local communities.
智利南部的个体渔业严重依赖巴塔哥尼亚红章鱼（）作为一种宝贵资源，对当地经济做出了重大贡献。这种章鱼物种占智利章鱼上岸量的25%-40%。它是一种海洋底栖生物，具有一次性繁殖生命周期和较长的育卵期，分布在南美洲南端的太平洋和大西洋沿岸，栖息在岩石基质的洞穴和缝隙中。然而，这种渔业在生态可持续性和章鱼产品食品安全方面都面临着严峻挑战。主要的捕捞方法是使用鱼钩，这对繁殖能力构成风险，因为它可能捕获正在育卵的雌鱼。食品安全问题源于收获前和收获后处理过程中的微生物污染、藻华产生的毒素生物积累以及海洋环境中重金属的存在。虽然去内脏有效地降低了摄入毒素和重金属的风险，但整个生产链中卫生习惯不当和冰的使用不足代表着重大的食品安全风险。智利第18892/1989号渔业法定义了个体渔业，并确立了渔业领土使用权（TURFs），以促进底栖资源的可持续开采。将收获后处理、卫生习惯和食品安全措施的培训计划纳入TURFs框架，同时对基础设施和技术援助进行有针对性的投资，对于确保该渔业的长期可持续性、保护消费者健康以及维持这一重要资源对当地社区的经济可行性和环境可持续性至关重要。
