Abd El-Mageed Taia A, Ihab Radwa, Rady Mostafa M, Belal Hussein E E, Mostafa Fatma A, Galal Tarek M, Masoudi Luluah M Al, Ali Esmat F, Roulia Maria, Mahmoud Amr E M
Soil and Water Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt.
Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Sep 27;12(19):3407. doi: 10.3390/plants12193407.
As a result of the climate changes that are getting worse nowadays, drought stress (DS) is a major obstacle during crop life stages, which ultimately reduces tomato crop yields. So, there is a need to adopt modern approaches like a novel nutrient- and antioxidant-based formulation (NABF) for boosting tomato crop productivity. NABF consists of antioxidants (i.e., citric acid, salicylic acid, ascorbic acid, glutathione, and EDTA) and nutrients making it a fruitful growth stimulator against environmental stressors. As a first report, this study was scheduled to investigate the foliar application of NABF on growth and production traits, physio-biochemical attributes, water use efficiency (WUE), and nutritional, hormonal, and antioxidative status of tomato plants cultivated under full watering (100% of ETc) and DS (80 or 60% of ETc). Stressed tomato plants treated with NABF had higher DS tolerance through improved traits of photosynthetic efficiency, leaf integrity, various nutrients (i.e., copper, zinc, manganese, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, and nitrogen), and hormonal contents. These positives were a result of lower levels of oxidative stress biomarkers as a result of enhanced osmoprotectants (soluble sugars, proline, and soluble protein), and non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant activities. Growth, yield, and fruit quality traits, as well as WUE, were improved. Full watering with application of 2.5 g NABF L collected 121 t tomato fruits per hectare as the best treatment. Under moderate DS (80% of ETc), NABF application increased fruit yield by 10.3%, while, under severe DS (40% of ETc), the same fruit yield was obtained compared to full irrigation without NABF. Therefore, the application of 60% ETc × NABF was explored to not only give a similar yield with higher quality compared to 100% ETc without NABF as well as increase WUE.
由于当下气候变化日益恶化，干旱胁迫（DS）是作物生长阶段的主要障碍，最终会降低番茄作物产量。因此，有必要采用诸如新型基于营养和抗氧化剂的配方（NABF）等现代方法来提高番茄作物产量。NABF由抗氧化剂（即柠檬酸、水杨酸、抗坏血酸、谷胱甘肽和乙二胺四乙酸）和营养物质组成，使其成为对抗环境应激源的有效生长刺激剂。作为首份报告，本研究旨在调查在充分浇水（蒸发蒸腾量的100%）和干旱胁迫（蒸发蒸腾量的80%或60%）条件下种植的番茄植株，叶面喷施NABF对其生长和生产性状、生理生化特性、水分利用效率（WUE）以及营养、激素和抗氧化状态的影响。用NABF处理的受胁迫番茄植株通过改善光合效率、叶片完整性、各种营养元素（即铜、锌、锰、钙、钾、磷和氮）以及激素含量等性状，具有更高的干旱胁迫耐受性。这些积极效果是由于渗透保护剂（可溶性糖、脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白）以及非酶和酶促抗氧化活性增强，导致氧化应激生物标志物水平降低的结果。生长、产量和果实品质性状以及水分利用效率均得到改善。每公顷喷施2.5克NABF/升水的充分浇水处理收获121吨番茄果实，为最佳处理。在中度干旱胁迫（蒸发蒸腾量的80%）下，施用NABF使果实产量提高了10.3%，而在重度干旱胁迫（蒸发蒸腾量的40%）下，与不施用NABF的充分灌溉相比，获得了相同的果实产量。因此，探索了60%蒸发蒸腾量×NABF的处理，以期不仅能获得与不施用NABF的100%蒸发蒸腾量处理相似的产量，且品质更高，同时还能提高水分利用效率。
